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In lines 19-21, the phrase "the trees" defensive mechanism has an impact on moth fecundity" refers to which of the following phenomena? Female moths that ingest phenols are more susceptible to wilt virus, which causes them to lay smaller eggs. Highly concentrated phenols in tree leaves limit caterpillars food supply, thereby reducing the gypsy moth popu- lation. Phenols attack the protein globule that protects moth egg clusters, making them vulnerable to wilt virus and lowering their survival rate. Phenols in oak leaves drive gypsy moths into forest stands dominated by aspens, where they succumb to viral epidemics. The consumption of phenols by cater- pillars results in undersized female gypsy moths, which tend to produce small egg clusters.
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