高考英语综合填空解题技巧
文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:02:24 23:03:30
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网
拿一张英语高考卷来讲，让学生觉得最没有把握的就是综合填空，也叫完形填空，我更喜欢把它称之为综合填空，因为它是对学生语言知识和阅读能力的综合测试。综合填空文章的难度和其题目的设置紧密相关，我们不妨以考核目的将高考中综合填空20个题目分成三类，与之对应的解题方法也有以下这三种——
一、上下文推敲
这类题目主要是对学生语言理解能力的考核，也是我们上海考卷中最多见的一类考题。根据上文所提到的内容来推测下文可能发生的结果，这是高三学生已经掌握了的做题方法，而学生容易忽略的技巧是从下往上的倒推，这就是为什么我们要求学生来回看文章的道理，很多信息在后面被告知，据此来完成前面的填空。同时，对文章整体结构的理解，比方是总分的还是分总的，或总分总的结构，也有利于提高推敲的正确性。下面我们以文章为例来理解“下上文”推敲和分析文章结构的意义。
1.In this chapter you canfind details about more than a hundred different jobs.You are told what qualifications you need,the personal ___1___employers may expect___2____you,the duties you will have in the job,___3___,what is good and what is not so good about the job. Don’t just look at one description, look at any descrip-tion you think will interest you.Computer operator
2.Qualifications You will need good__4___from school in several subjects including maths and English.Most employers will test your ca-pability.___5__is on the job or you may need to go to college for further qualifications.
3.Qualities ____6___solving problems.think clearly.like machines.work well in a tem.not___7___routines.have imagination and be very accurate.
4.Duties Prepare jobs；run jobs on the computer；solve problems and correct errors；keep careful______8______of work done.
5.For You work in a very____9__indus-try；.you are well paid；there is lots of opportu-nities in the industry；there are lots of new ma-chines,and new jobs for computers.
6.___10__You may work in rooms win-dows；computer rooms can be noisy.you have to concentrate；you may work irregular hours as big computers run 24 hours a day.
1.A. requirements B. qualifications C. problems.D.qualities
2.A.on B.of C.about D.to
3.A.and yet B.and finally C.in any case D.on the whole
4.A.points B.skills C.results D.rec-ommendations
5.A.Education B.Training C.Teaching D.Operating
6.A.Include B.Expect C.Enjoy D.Participate
7.A.mind B.care C.prohibit D.regret
8.A.records B.history C.mind D.trace
9.A.boring B.exciting C.dull D.un-known
10.A.Notice B.On C.Opposite D.A-gainst
综观全文，文章结构为总分式。第1段为总写，第2﹑3﹑4﹑5和第6段为分点表述。因此2﹑3﹑4﹑5和6段段首黑体字也就是第1段所讲的内容，所以答案就很显然，第一空格的qualities也就是第3段段首字；而第5段段首字for就对应了第1段的whatisgood.类推得出whatisnotsogood对应了第6段段首字，因此答案为for的反义词against。另外我们还发现for和against是最后两点，因此推出第1段第3空格为B选项andfinally与之对应。所以我们在阅读文章时，不仅要把握细节部分，也需要把握文章的框架结构。