同等学力申硕英语应试指南（辨别、改错）二

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:02:25 08:59:37
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

二、虚拟语气常见错误设置及答题思路

［常见错误］
1.规范搭配的主从句动词形式有一个有错误。
2.主句和从句的动词形式与各自发生的时间不相对应。
3.在省略if采用倒装表示虚拟的结构中, 主句谓语动词没有用虚拟形式, 或主句动词是虚拟形式, 但从句倒装有误。
4.在用介词短语、并列分句或分词等其他方式表示虚拟条件的句子中, 谓语动词没有采用虚拟形式。
5.一些表达命令、建议、愿望意义的词后接宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句或同位语从句时, 从句中动词没有采用(should )动词原形。
例句：
If the police would have (A) arrived (B) earlier, he would have (C) seen (D) the accident.
(答案：A had, 与过去事实相反, 从句用had done)
Had paul received (A) six more (B) votes in the last election, he would have been (C) our chairman (D) now.
(答案：C would be, 时间状语now表示主句与现在事实相反)
The demand for (A) electricity can (B) not readily be met were it not (C) for another source of (D) energy-nuclear power.
(答案：B could, 表示非真实的假设)
Victor obviously (A) doesn′t know what′s happened (B) .otherwise he didn′t make (C) such a (D) stupid remark.
(答案：C wouldn′t have made, otherwise连接虚拟分句)
Without (A) the friction between their (B) feet and the ground, people will (C) in no way (D) be able to walk.
(答案：C would, 介词without引导虚拟条件)
So great (A) was (B) the influence of Thomas paine on (C) his own time that John Adams suggested that the era was called (D) “The Age of Paine”.
(答案：D be called, suggest后接宾语从句, 其谓语应用动词原形)
Emphasis is laid on (A) the necessity that all the objectives to be attained (B) take into (C) account before starting (D) a new project.
(答案：C be taken into, necessity后接同位语从句, 其谓语应用动词原形)
It (A) is essential that (B) all these figures are to be (C) checked twice (D) .
(答案：C be, 形容词essential要求其主语从句的谓语用动词原形)

［辨错思路］
注意查找句中表示虚拟语气的线索和信号：
1.如果试题中出现连词if, 应仔细研究句子的语义, 分辨它引导的是真实条件, 还是虚拟条件, 如果是表示假定的虚拟语气意义, 则看一下主、从句中的谓语动词是否采用了相应的形式。
2.看到一个句子时, 一定要弄明白句中条件和结果两部分的时间所指, 再看谓语动词形式是否与所指时间一致。
3.观察题句中是否出现表示建议、命令、意愿的词语(无论是动词、还是其派生出的形容词、名词), 审查后接that从句中谓语是否用(should )动词原形。
4.如果题句中出现主谓部分倒装结构, 或without, but for等介词, 则应考虑到它们有可能引导虚拟条件。
5.在确定谓语虚拟语气形式正确与否的同时, 还要留意语态是否有误。