真题考试辅导之历年阅读真题解析与导读八

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:02:25 09:02:53
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

1998

Passage One

本文介绍核辐射对人体健康造成的危害。辐射对人类健康的损害程度取决于辐射强度而其危害性通常在人身体遭受辐射多年后才显见。
Nuclear powers danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.①
Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses. It cant be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can’t detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we cant sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cell in vital organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does nor hit anything important, the damage may not be significant. ②This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they arc killed outright. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble.③ They reproduce themselves in a deformed way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred.④ A person can be irradiated and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. ⑤Or a child can be born weak or liable to serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents. ⑥
Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.

Notes：

① be summed up 被概括。核能对人类的健康、安全乃至生命所造成的危害可用一个单词加以概括：辐射。

② hit 袭击，伤害。如果辐射没有伤及任何重要部位，那么它所造成的损害可能就不严重。

③但如果仅有很少的几个细胞受到辐射伤害，而它们又能再生出多个细胞，那你有会有麻烦了。

④ without the victim being aware 受害者自己并不知道。在辐射对人体造成损害时，受害者可能不知道自己已经遭受到严重伤害。

⑤ be irradiated 被照射。结果就是一个人在被辐射后当时可能感觉正常，但在5年、10年或20年后会死于癌症。

⑥ can be born weak or liable to serious illness 可能天生体质弱或容易患重病。radiation absorbed

by吸收到的辐射。或者祖父母的身体曾经遭受过辐射，因此他们的孙辈就会天生体质弱或

容易患上重病。
36. According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in _________.
A. nuclear mystery B. radiation detection
C. radiation level D. nuclear radiation

37. Radiation can cause serious consequences even at the lowest level _________.
A. when it kills few cells
B. if it damages few cells
C. though the damaged cells can repair themselves
D. unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves

38. The word “significant” in paragraph 3 most probably means _________.
A. responsible B. meaningful C. fatal D. harmful

39. Radiation can hurt us in the way that it can _________.
A. kill large numbers of cells in main organs so as to cause death immediately.
B. damage cells which may grow into cancer years later
C. affect the healthy growth of our offspring
D. All of the above.

40. Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?
A. The importance of protection from radiation cannot be over-emphasized.
B. The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.
C. Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.
D. Radiation can hurt those who are not aware of its danger.

DBDDA