对谓语动词与非谓语动词区别的考查主要集中在独立主格结构,如: All things ___ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train. A. had been canceled B. have been canceled C. were canceled D. having been canceled 四个选项中有三个是谓语动词,只有D是非谓语动词,只要同学们能判断出这里是非谓语动词做状语,则不用考虑时态的问题,答案自明。
2) 谓语动词后不定式与动名词的选择
谓语动词后接不定式还是接动名词也是三级语法测试中的一个题眼。如: ① I don’t mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late. A. you to delay making B. your delaying making C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make ② Had I remembered ____ the windows, the thief would not have got in. A. to close B. closing C. to have closed D. having closed ③ Your hair wants ______ . You’d better have it done tomorrow. A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut 这类题涉及三个方面: 谓语动词后应该接不定式还是动名词? 即可接不定式又可接动名词时,结构和意思上有何差别? 不定式与动名词用主动形式还是用被动形式?
3) 做定语的非谓语动词的选择
从近几年的考查情况来看,对做定语的非谓语动词的考查有两种情况: (1)对一般概念的考查,而不是固定结构中的非谓语动词做定语。如: ① The project ____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city’s telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users. A. accomplished B. being accomplished C. to be accomplished D. having been accomplished ② If I correct someone, I will do it with so much good humor and self-restraint as if I were the one ______. A. to correct B. correcting C. having been corrected D. being corrected 同学们只要掌握非谓语动词做定语的一般的规律,就可以判断①题答案为C,②题答案为D。 (2)对固定结构的考查,如: ① The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his arguments in favor of the new theory. A. to be based on B. to base on C. which to base on D. on which to base ② The pressure _____ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain. A. to compete B. competing C. to be competed D. having competed ①题为不定式做定语的固定形式,答案为D,②题为某些特定名词的定语结构,答案为A。在英语中有些名词,如动词变来的名词,形容词变来的名词,以及means, way, time, moment, reason等要求其后用不定式做定语,不定式没有体的变化。