1、问题类型 A节每组对话一般是在一男一女之间进行的一问一答。问题一般由先讲话的人提出。题目均以问句形式出现,其中多数是特殊疑问句。这些问题涉及的内容大致归纳如下: A、多用来问以下内容: 1)问“是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类”等,如: What is the man s answer? What does the woman want for lunch? What are they talking about? What kind of books does the man want to borrow? 2)问“做什么”,如: What does the woman tell the man to do first? What are the speakers doing now? What will happen if John fails the exam? 3)问“什么含义”,如: What does the man mean(imply)? What does the woman s answer suggest? 4)问“从对话中能获得什么信息或结论”,如: What can we learn from the conversation? What can be concluded from this conversation? 5)问“对某人或某事有什么看法”,如: What does the man think of Miss Brown? What does the woman think of the plan? B、A节中用提出的问题主要问“对话可能是在什么场所发生的”,即: Where does this conversation most probably take place? Where does this conversation most likely occur? Where are the man and woman? C、可能问以下几个方面的情况: 1)问钟点(可用替换),如: Man(M): What time did yesterday s football match start? Woman(W): It was supposed to start at a quarter to 7, but it was delayed an hour. Question(Q): When did the game finally start? 2)问在哪个星期或星期几(后者可用替换),如: W: I thought to go to town now. I have some shopping to do. M: Don t spend too much, I won t get paid until next week. Q: When will he be paid? 3)问日期,如: When will the winter vacation begin? D、用提问的问题可以问原因,也可以问目的,如: Why is the man late? Why did the man repair the car by himself? E、可能问对话者某一方的身份、对话人之间的关系或对话中涉及到的其他人的情况,如: W: May I help you ,Sir? M: I hope so. It s my watch. I brought it in to be repaired, but I ve lost the Receipt. Q: Who is the man? F、主要针对以下内容提问: 1)问做某事的方式、方法或使用的交通工具,如: How did the teacher usually begin his class? How does the man usually go to work? 2)问“对某事的感受如何”,如: How does the man feel about the movie? How do you like the film? G、问“多少”,属于涉及数字的题,可能有以下几种形式: How many persons ...? How many dozens of ... does ... want? How much does ...? How old is ...? How long does it take ... to ...?
A节的问句根据疑问词划分,大致可以归为以上七类。A节中偶尔也有个别一般疑问句。但也可能出现其它类型的问句,(如以Whom,Whose,Which提问),或针对以上未归纳的内容进行提问。 2、对话内容分类 若按对话内容分类,则可分为以下几种类型: A、时间类:包括直接型和计算型。如: W: Your library books are due on December 13th. If you have not finished using them by then, you may renew them once. M: Thank you very much . I only need them for a few days. Q: When must the man return his books to the library? B、数字类:包括直接型和计算型。如: W: Do you live in a college dormitory? M: Yes, I do. It s a six-man suite, but at the moment only four of us live there. Q: How many people share the suite now? C、地点类:包括直接型和含蓄型。如: M: I need to cash this check? W: Will you step right over to the teller s window, please? Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place? D、否定类:此类对话既可以含有not,no,neither,nor等否定词,也有but,although等转折词,或由would rather,too...to结构及虚拟语气等表达。因此,对于后者要特别加以注意。如: M: Ann, do you have any extra money you could loan me? W: I wish I could help you. I went shopping yesterday. Now I have only two dollars till the end of the week. Q: Will the man borrow any money from the woman?
此题的答案肯定是No。听这段话时要抓住I wish I could help you.这一关键话语。这句话虽然从表面上看是肯定式,但却隐含着I m sorry I can t help you.的意思。 E、人物类:包括人物关系、人物身份两类。此类对话提供一个情节,能反映所涉及的人的关系或身份。如: M: Good evening, Madam. There is a table for two over there. This way, please. W: Thank you. Could I see the menu, please?
Q: What s the relationship between the man and woman? A) Husband and wife. B) Waiter and customer. C) Salesman and customer. D) Host and guest. F、活动类:这一类谈话内容可涉及上课、娱乐、工作、日常生活等各种 情况。如: W: Are you going to New York next weekend? M: Yes, I m going to look up Bill while I m there. Q: What s the man going to do?
这类对话中往往先后出现几种情况,要注意听问句是什么,然后再作出选择。 3、几种常见的解题方法 A节中的对话虽然简短,但多数情况下,往往不能从听到的内容中找到与选择项内容完全相同的部分,即对话中一般没有现成的答案。因此,在听的时候要注意抓住选择项的同义或反义词(组)用辨别法答题(解活动类多用此方法),或根据对话内容采用归纳、推论或辨别的方法回答。用这种方法答题,类型不仅仅限于诸如"what does the man mean?"这样的题目,其它如含蓄人物类、人物身份类、含蓄地点类、否定类题目也与此类似。如: W: How do you like the play you saw last night? M: Well, I should have stayed at home. Q: What does the man think of the play? A) It is exciting. B) It is boring. C) He didn t see the play. D) He like it very much.
对话中“I should have stayed at home.”(我真该待在家里),这句话已婉转地表明他不喜欢这出戏,而对没有待在家里表示遗憾、后悔(should have done something这种结构可用来表示“对应该发生而实际上没有发生的事情表示遗憾、后悔或谴责”)。能使他产生此感想的原因自然是“The play is boring.”(演出令人厌烦),因而B是正确的答案。否定类题目多含有虚拟语气、语气否定、暗示比喻、强化意见等形式。这一节属于此数字类题目的对话中,多出现两处,甚至三、四处数字或时间,因此,除了用辨别方法外,有时必须用计算方法才能得出正确答案。