V 字头 A: I notice that that house was vacant. Do you think it’s for sale? B: I think it might be. vacant a. 1.未被占用的，空着的. 2.(职位,工作灯)空缺的. 3. (神情等)茫然的，(心灵)空虚的 A: We really need to clean our apartment. B: I’ll vacuum while you dust. vacuum n. 1.真空. 2.真空吸尘器 v. 用吸尘器清扫 A: She was rather vague in describing what happened. B: Maybe her brother knows more of the details. vague a. 含糊的，不明确的，模糊的 A: She spends so much time and energy on her looks and what she wears. B: She does seem to be rather vain. vain a. 1.徒劳的，无效的，不成功的. 2.自负的，爱虚荣的 in vain 徒然, 白费力 A: Do you think a fishing trip is a valid reason to skip work? B: I think so, but I’m not sure if your boss will agree with me! valid a. 1.有根据的，有理的. 2.有效的，具有法律效力的 A: There are eight of us that need to get to the movies. B: Do you think we could all fit in your van? van n. 运货车, (载客的)面包车 A: It was amazing how the magician just vanished into the air! B: There must have been some trick to it. vanish vi. 1.突然不见，消失. 2.不复存在，绝迹 A: I smell a strong vapor in the air. B: Maybe we should open the windows. vapor n. (蒸)汽 A: There appears to be one variable in our experiment that is throwing the whole thing off. B: How can one variable have such a big effect on our results? variable a. 1.易变的，多变的. 2.可变的 n. 可变因素，变量 A: If you look at his body as a whole, he shows great variation as an artist. B: But his early oil paintings were the most famous. variation n. 1.变化，变动. 2.变体,变种. 3.变奏(曲) A: Is it usually hot here in the summer? B: It varies from year to year. vary vi. 变化，有不同，呈差异 vt. 改变，使不同 A: Which vehicle should we drive on our trip? B: Let’s take the one that gets the highest gas mileage. vehicle n. 1.交通工具，车辆. 2.传播媒介，工具,手段 A: What’s the next step in our business venture? B: We need to come up with a business plan. venture n. 风险投资，(商业等的)风险项目 vi. 冒险,大胆行事 vt. 1.敢于,大胆表示. 2.拿….冒险, 冒… 的险 A: Can you think of a good verb to use in this sentence? B: We need one that really describes his movement. How about “scurried” ? verb n. 动词 A: I am calling to verify that I have an appointment scheduled for Monday at 3 pm. B: Yes, we have you on our schedule. verify vi. 1.核实,查对. 2.证明,证实 A: Which version of the manuscript do you think is most authentic? B: I would assume the earlier version to be more authentic. version n. 1.版本，译本. 2.说法 A: It’s hard to maintain a long-distance relationship via the telephone. B: Why don’t you try writing letters? via prep. 经由，经过，通过 A: This chair vibrates when you sit in it. B: I bet that feels really good! vibrate v. (使)振动, (使)摇摆 A: Why haven’t you stopped smoking? B: It’s a vice that I can’t seem to get rid of. vice n. 1.缺点,弱点. 2.邪恶(行为), 道德败坏(行为) A: How old was the victim? B: He was twenty-three at the time of the murder. victim n. 牺牲品，受害者 A: I’m too tired to go to the movies. B: How about we rent a video? video n. 录象，录象机 a. 录象的 vt. 制作的．．．录象 A: What do you think of the work we did? B: From my point of view it was a success. view n. １．看法，见解，观点；２．观察，视阈，眼界；３．景色，风景 vt. １．看法，考虑，估量；２．观察，看 in view of 鉴于，考虑到 with a view to 为了，为的是 A: When I look at the results from your viewpoint, I am satisfied. B: Thanks for being able to see it from both sides. viewpoint n. 观点 A: He was vigorous in his opposition to our proposal. B: Do you think that we’ll be able to convice him? vigorous a. １．有力的，用力的；２．精力充沛的 A: What do you put in your salad dressing that makes it so tasty? B: I use vinegar. vinegar n. 醋 A: I wouldn’t dare violate our agreement. B: It’s great to know that I can always count on you. violate vt. １．违反，违背； ２．亵渎； ３．侵犯，妨碍 A: I get really sad when I think of how much violence there is in the world. B: I wonder if there’s a way to change the situation. violence n. １．暴力，强暴； ２．猛烈，剧烈，强烈 A: There are too many violent movies on television. B: I agree. We need to come up with cleaner forms of entertainment. violent a. １．暴力引起的，强暴的； ２．猛烈的，剧烈的，强烈的 A: I would like to paint the room a violet color. B: That would be so much better than magenta! violet n. 紫罗兰 a. 紫色的 A: Could you teach me to play the violin? B: Only if you will commit to practicing for a half an hour each day. violin n. 小提琴 A: Do you think the death of the king will affect the political situation? B: Not in a major way. The king was a virtual puppet for the last years of his life. virtual a. 实质上的，事实上的，实际上的 A: I wanted a glass of mild, but when I got to the refrigerator I discovered that the milk jug was virtually empty! B: Don’t worry. The milkman comes tomorrow. virtually ad. 实际上，事实上 A: What virtue do you value most in a person? B: I especially care if a person tells the truth. virtue n. １．美德，德行；２．优点，长处 by virtue of 借助，由于 A: If you have a sore throat without a fever, you may have caught the virus that is going around. B: I hope not. virus n. １．病毒； ２．病毒性疾病，病毒病 A: When the stars are visible, we can pick out the constellations. B: Can you help me find Orion’s Belt? visible a. 看得见的，可见的，有形的 A: I have been having trouble with my vision lately. B: When was the last time you went to the eye doctor? vision n. １．想象（力），幻想，幻觉； ２．视力，视觉 A: I loved the movie’s visual effects. B: I particularly liked the train’s blowing up. visual a. 视觉的，看得见的 A: It’s vital that she take her medicine during her recovery. B: I’ll make sure she doesn’t miss any doses. vital a. 生死攸关的，极其重要的； ２．有生命的，充满生机的 A: I feel really tired all the time. B: Maybe you aren’t getting enough vitamins. vitamin n. 维生素 A: Give me a vivid example of his high level of energy. B: He’s up at 5 am, runs 10 miles, does a 12-hour workday, and then comes home and works in the yard. vivid a. １．生动的，栩栩如生的； ２．鲜艳的 A: I am having a hard time learning English vocabulary. B: Do you have any friends that would be willing to help you study? vocabulary n. １．词汇（量）； ２．词（汇）表 A: That volcano hasn’t erupted in twenty years. B: I hope it doesn’t decide to suddenly erupt this year. volcano n. 火山 A: What is your favorite team sport? B: I especially lave volleyball. volleyball n. 排球 A: What kind of battery does this flashlight take? B: It take a 6- volt battery. volt n. 伏特 A: The voltage of this washing machine is higher than the other appliances. B: We should probably call an electrician to write it for us. voltage n. 电压 A: Shhh! The baby is sleeping! B: Sorry, I’ll turn down the television’s volume. volume n. １，卷，册，书卷； ２．体积，容积，容量； ３．音量，响度 A: Being a part of this committee is voluntary. B: Good. I don’t think I can take on any more responsibilities. voluntary a. 自愿的，志愿的 A: We need a volunteer to do the extra things a paid employee doesn’t have time to do. B: I would love to, but I really need to get paid a salary. volunteer n. １．志愿者； ２．志愿兵 vt. １．自愿（做）； ２．自愿提供 vi. 自愿，志愿兵 A: Did you vote in the last election? B: No, I was in bed sick that day. vote n. １．票，选票； ２．投票，选举，表决； ３．表决结果，投票总数 v. 投票，选举（出），表决