2、词汇和语法 （1）注意扩充词汇量：研究发现，词汇量是影响听力的主要因素之一，词汇量的匮乏往往是造成听力能力提高的首要因素。因此，同学们在训练听力技巧的同时，应注意词汇量的扩充。 （2）加强同义表达方式的听力训练：在听力选择中，相当一部分情况下，答案就是对话信息的同义表达方式。如： ①W: The speech the blind girl gave this evening was extremely touching. M: I think everybody felt the same. Q: How did the man feel about the girls speech? A. It was boring. B. It was entertaining. C. It was moving. D. It was encouraging. Moving与touching意思相近，答案为C。再如： ②M: Nancy, why were you late today? W: I overslept and missed the bus. Q: Why was Nancy late? (1999.1) A. She got up later than usual. B. The bus was late. C. She forgot she had classes. D. Her clock was slow. Overslept也就是got up later than usual。 （3）加强语法概念的单句理解练习：听力测试中有相当一部分情况下，有对语法结构表意功能的考查，如虚拟语气的含义，建议的表达方式等。如： ①W: We do need another bookshelf in this room. But the problem is the space for it. M: How about moving the old dining table to the kitchen? Q: What does the man suggest they should do? (1995.6) A. Finding a larger room. B. Sell the old table. C. Buy two bookshelves. D. Rearrange some furniture. 如果考生清楚How about用来提出建议，就可以根据moving the old dining table判断答案为D。再如： ②W: The movie starts in 5 minutes and there is bound to be a long line. M: Why dont we come back for the next show? Im sure it would be less crowded. Q: What is the man suggesting? ( 1996.6) A. Coming back for a later shouw. B. Waiting in a queue.