A national policy was needed because of the increasing integration of Australia into a single market rather than several separate state markets. Further, with the advent of globalisation, Australia needed to become more competitive internationally to maintain and improve its standard of living.
巴里克拉克在他的谈话中使用了这样几个词汇:
1 integration 结合,整体2 globalisation 全球化3 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平
Competition policy is the policies that governments enact in order to deal with where and how and at what level of intensity they want to use the force of competion in driving an economy and driving a society. 希尔莫教授说,竞争政策是政府制定的政策,用以决定在哪一方面、如何以及在多大程度上使用竞争的力量来推动经济和社会的发展。
Now a competition policy decides where, when and how you re going to use competition as opposed to where, when and how you might use an administered system of a government or legislated monopoly.
We coined the term National Competition Policy both to emphasise that we needed policies about where and how competition could be better used, and to emphasise that those policies should be national.
As we try to increase competition, albeit imperfectly, and we embrace the market system, we re changing the way society functions. In other words, we are reducing the size of the public sector and increasing the size of the private sector.
Historically, when the government provided utilities to us, the relationship that existed was between citizen and government. However, as we take these utilities out of the public sector and into the private sector, then the relationship changes - we become consumers interacting with the market. 从历史上来说,当政府为我们提供公用设施时,那种关系是公民与政府之间的关系。但是,当把这些公用设施从公营转为私营之后,这种关系也随之变化,我们变成了消费者,与市场相互发生影响。
And as we move from the role of citizen to consumer we lose rights to question the way these essential utilities operate in our society.