1 command or centrally-planned economy 中央计划经济2 market system or laissez-faire economy 市场自由放任式经济,政府不予干涉3 mixed economy 混合式经济,即中央计划经济与市场经济的组合
我们再听一遍这三种经济模式的英文:
1 command or centrally-planned economy 2 market system or laissez-faire economy 3 mixed economy
澳大利亚昆士兰州詹姆斯库克大学的经济学教授约翰奎根对这三种基本的经济模式做了简单介绍:
At one extreme you have economists who would like to make virtually all social activity run on the basis of markets. At the other extreme, traditionally you ve had a group of economists supporting a largely socialised economy in which most decisions were made by government, possibly using markets in various ways, but still nonetheless essentially making political decisions rather than market decisions.
Between that, you ve got the majority of people who support some sort of mixture of the two - what s called a mixed economy.
In all of these markets the essential thing is that we have buyers who are wanting to purchase some goods or services, or perhaps some assets. They might be somewhat intangible assets like shares, or they might be quite tangible ones like cars and refrigerators. And then there are people who are willing to sell. And markets are the system by which their demands to pruchase the goods and the supplies are related, and of course prices are particularly important in determining what the conditions are under which people are trading.