计算机英语基础知识E篇:2012年计算机一三四级考试考试:一级考试-百考试题网

　　Two popular references on TCP/IP are:

　　"TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1: The Protocols," Richard Stevens, Addison Wesley, 1994

　　"Internetworking with TCP/IP, Volume 1: Principles, Protocols, and Architecture," Douglas E. Comer, Prentice Hall, 1995

　　It is strongly recommended that a system administrator responsible for TCP/IP networks have at least one of these references available.

　　Glossary

　　Broadcast address -- An IP address with a host portion that is all ones.

　　Host -- A computer or other device on a TCP/IP network.

　　Internet -- The global collection of networks that are connected together and share a common range of IP addresses.

　　InterNIC -- The organization responsible for administration of IP addresses on the Internet.

　　IP -- The network protocol used for sending network packets over a TCP/IP network or the Internet.

　　IP Address -- A unique 32-bit address for a host on a TCP/IP network or internetwork.

　　Network -- There are two uses of the term network in this article. One is a group of computers on a single physical network segment. the other is an IP network address range that is allocated by a system administrator.

　　Network address -- An IP address with a host portion that is all zeros.

　　Octet -- An 8-bit number, 4 of which comprise a 32-bit IP address. They have a range of 00000000-11111111 that correspond to the decimal values 0- 255.

　　Packet -- A unit of data passed over a TCP/IP network or wide area network.

　　RFC (Request for Comment) -- A document used to define standards on the Internet.

　　Router -- A device that passes network traffic between different IP networks.

　　Subnet Mask -- A 32-bit number used to distinguish the network and host portions of an IP address.

　　Subnet or Subnetwork -- A smaller network created by dividing a larger network into equal parts.

　　TCP/IP -- Used broadly, the set of protocols, standards and utilities commonly used on the Internet and large networks.

　　Wide area network (WAN) -- A large network that is a collection of smaller networks separated by routers. The Internet is an example of a very large WAN.