高起点英语语法归纳代词(三)

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:03:23 16:28:44
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网


代词(三)
  不 定 代 词
  一、“every”(每一个)只作为定语使用,即必须在其后加上单数可数名词构成名词短语,它不可与everyone(每一个)混淆。 everyone相当于名词,它不可修饰其他名词,只作主语或宾语
  1) Every [A] knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated, but how many [B] realize that they were once [C] homes for the indigent and the friendless [D] ?
  2) Everyone [A] child in the United States must [B] receive [C] some form of educational instruction [D] .
  例题解析
  1) A错。every不可单独充当句子成分,应在其后加上person或改为everyone.
  2) A错。改为Every,修饰child.
  二、“much”和“many”分别修饰不可数名词和可数名词,可作为代词(如much of)和形容词使用
  3) Food seasoning plays an important [A] role in the cooking [B] customs of much [C] cultures in [D] the world.
  4) The general sales tax has been [A] a major source of income for state governments, much [B] of which derive more than half [C] of their budgets from [D] it.
  5) Data received from [A] two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence [B] that huge thunderstorms are now occurring [C] around the equator [D] of the planet Saturn.
  例题解析
  3) C错。应改为of many,因为被修饰词cultures为可数名词,故其修饰语应用many,而much要修饰不可数名词。
  4) B错。应改用many,因此处所指代的是可数名词governments(复数),many在本句中为代词,作非限定性定语从句的主语。
  5) B错。应改为much evidence,因为evidence(证据,迹象)为不可数名词,故应用much来修饰。
  三、 “some”和“any”是表示不定数量的代词,相当于汉语的“一些”,作定语可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,其中some(包括它的合成词something,someone, somebody)多用于肯定句,而any(包括它的合成词anything, anyone, anybody)则用于疑问句和否定句中,其中any在否定句中相当于汉语中的“任何”;形容词修饰something, someone, somebody, anything, anyone, anybody, nothing, nobody时,形容词要放在这些词的后边
  6) Historians [A] have never reached some general [B] agreement about [C] the precise causes of the [D] Civil War in the United States.
  例题解析
  6) B错。应为any general,因为本句为否定句(否定副词never),应该用any,此处表示“(没有达成过) 任何共识”。
  四、“another”和“other”分别表示“另外的一个”(an+other)和“另外的”“其余的”意思,可以用作定语修饰名词或单独作主语与宾语,其中前者只用来修饰或指代单数可数名词,后者修饰单复数名词和不可数名词,二者不能相互混淆
  7) Lizards lack [A] the builtin body temperature control [B] many another [C] creatures possess [D] .
  8) Some bacterium are extremely [A] harmful, but anothers [B] are regularly [C] used in producing cheeses, crackers, and many other foods [D] .
  9) Like [A] most another [B] art forms, the Greek tragedy had [C] its origins in religious [D] observances.
  例题解析
  7) C错。应改用other来修饰可数复数名词creatures.本句是一个省略了关系代词that(或which)的定语从句,control为名词作主句中及物动词(谓语)lack的宾语,同时又受其后面定语从句的修饰。
  8) B错。 改为others.
  9) B错。 改为other.

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