网友的学习笔记与心得（三）

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:03:24 19:19:03
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

[英语试卷]
PART Ⅰ Structure and Vocabulary (20%)
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.
1. Alone in a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt lonely.
A. nothing but B. anything but
C. all but D. everything but
2. Not only working hard, but also she was very polite.
A. she was B. has she been
C. was she D. had she been
3.It was not until he entered the classroom he realized that he had forgotten to do the homework.
A. before B. when
C. then D. that
4. Dress warmly, youll catch cold.
A. on the contrary B. or rather
C. or else D. in no way
5. is well known to us all, too much stress can cause disease.
A. Which B. What
C. As D. It
6. I need that book badly. If you go to the bookstore this afternoon, please remember a copy for me.
A. to have bought B. buying
C. to buy D. having bought
7. I like the city, but I like the country better I have more friends there.
A. in which B. in that
C. in what D. that
8. The students expected more reviewing classes before the final exams.
A. there to being B. there being
C. for there to be D. there to be
9. She thinks easy to understand a letter written in English.
A. that B. which
C. it D. what
10. People cannot but feel , for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.
A. puzzling B. puzzled
C. to be puzzled D. to puzzle
11. The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been
.
A. identified B. guaranteed
C. notified D. conveyed
12. The two dogs started to fight, so we tried to them.
A. split B. separate
C. divide D. distinguish
13. The bossy manger is always finding fault with his .
A. employs B. employers
C. employees D. employments
14. The woman had to to the government for assistance in resisting forced marriage.
A. appeal B. appear
C. appease D. applaud
15. Employment for women are poor at the present time.
A. entrances B. occasions
C. ways D. opportunities
16. Eminent physicists from all over the world to the U.S. to the centennial(一百周年) of A. Einsteins birth.
A. congratulate B. observe
C. celebrate D. participate
17. High interest rates people from borrowing money from the commercial banks.
A. discourage B. decrease
C. disgust D. disturb
18. an oil-pump failure, the moving parts will become over-heated.
A. in case of B. in the case of
C. in case D. on case of
19. If we dont receive any reply by tomorrow morning, I shall have to him on the phone.
A. get to B. get on to
C. get on with D. get through
20. After the successful operation, the patient has taken a turn ..
A. for the moment B. for the present
C. for the better D. for the good
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (40%)
Section A
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

The standard of living of any country means the average persons share of the goods and services which the country produces. A countrys standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. Wealth in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: goods such as food and clothing, andservices such as transport and entertainment.
A countrys capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a countrys natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate. other regions possess none of them. The U.S.A is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast nature resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of least wealthy.
Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps as well off as the U.S.A. in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons were unable to develop their resources. Sound and stable political condition, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a countrys people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day.
A countrys standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. For example, Britains wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking. A countrys wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.
To calculate the average standard of living of any country, one divides its national income by the number of people in it. Strictly, the term national income means the total of goods and services produced for consumption in that country in a year. but such a total cannot be divided unless it is expressed in money.
21.A countrys wealth depends upon .
A. its standard of living
B. its money
C. its ability to provide goods and services
D. its ability to provide transport and entertainment
22.The main idea of the second paragraph is that .
A. a countrys wealth depends on many factors
B. the U.S.A. is one of the wealthiest countries in the world
C. the Sahara Desert is a very poor region
D. natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country
23. The word civil(line 14) refers to wars to wars that are .
A. long -lasting
B. fought between one part of a country and another
C. short but frequent
D. carried out according to the international laws governing warfare
24. The main idea of the fourth paragraph is that .
A. Britain is dependent upon trade
B. A countrys wealth lies in what it can manufacture
C. Britain manufactures more than it needs for home consumption
D. The wealth of a country can be increased by manufacturing goods trade with other countries
25. The word margin as used in line 22 means .
A. the space at the side of the page
B. the edge
C. the amount earned but not needed for living
D. any money deposited in a savings account

Some day there may be a robot that takes the drudgery out of housework and even cleans windows, but how soon such a robot will emerge is anybodys guess. Mr.Joseph Engelberger, President of Unimation, Inc. which makes industrial robots, says a workable domestic robot might take shape by the late 1980s, but Mr. Ben Skora, an amateur robot builder now working on his second creation, predicts household robots in about fifty years, and the Director of Stanford Universitys Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Dr. John McCarthy, says domestic robots are anywhere from five to five hundred years away.
Although robots are already widely used in industry -from welding car parts to handling explosives -the gap between the industrial robot and a domestic one is great, according to Dr.McCarthy. Closing the gap will require an intellectual break -through.
Take the task of clearing the table and washing the dishes, he suggested The robots will have to be able to discriminate between rubbish and dishes that should be washed and, meanwhile, not trip over the dog or baby on the floor on its way to the dishwasher.
He said that the robot, which he defines as a general purpose physical action machine that is automatically controlled, probably will not end up looking like a human being .Instead the robot might have a central brain that controls a whole army of bodies, like a staff of servants, each as -signed to a specific duty.
Mr.Engelberger thinks the domestic robot is right around the corner, just waiting for an eco -nomic boost to help it over the remaining technological hurdles. He expects the household robot to be modeled after an industrial forebear.
But the person who wants a robot will have to build this world around it, Mr. Engelberger said. for example, a fellow building a house might spend twenty -five per cent more to have it "robotized". Such a "robotized" house probably would have to be free of stairs and other encumbrances that could trip a near -sighted robot, would provide special sockets for it to plug into, and would contain a "pantry" where the robots brain and tools would be stored.
He added that the robot would probably have to see (by means of a sophisticated TV camera) and have a sense of touch to do housework. It could even be programmed for some superhuman tasks, such as acting as a smoke -detector that would alert a family to a fire and then fight it.
The robot created by Mr. Skora is a long way from fighting fires, but Arok (which is Mr.Skoras name spelt backwards without thes ) can vacuum the carpet, take out the rubbish and bring in the mail by following programs in his computer brain. For the more complicated tasks, such as taking the dog for a walk, Mr. Skora commands Arok through a radio -transmitter as he watches the robot from a window. No computer in the world could work out when a dog is ready to stop, He pointed out .
Mr. Skora says that Arok was conceived more as an experimental toy than a convenience. In fact, Arok doesnt save any time around the house and demands supervision for the simplest chore.
26.The main idea of the first paragraph is that we .
A. will definitely have domestic robots one day
B. will not have domestic robots for a very long time
C. will have domestic robots in the fairly near future
D. have no way of knowing when we may have domestic robots
27.the writer uses the word creation (1.5) because .
A. Mr. Skora is an amateur robot builder
B. It was Mr. Skoras second robot
C. Mr. Skora was making something that had never been made before
D. The robot was an experiment
28.Dr McCarthy believes that there is a big difference between an industrial robot and a domes -tic one because the domestic robot .
A. will be more intellectual
B. must be capable of performing more functions
C. must be automatically controlled
D. will not look like a human being
29.Mr. Engelberger thinks that the domestic robot will be .
A. similar to an industrial robot
B. very expensive to buy
C. entirely new
D. able to go anywhere
30.Mr. Skora describes Arok as an experimental toy because it .
A. is controlled by a radio transmitter
B. is a convenience
C. serves no useful purpose
D. can perform only simple chores

Blind people usually possess one advantage over other people who can see: their sense of hearing is far more acute. Sounds which most others would miss can carry a great deal of information to a sightless person. For instance, teams of blind children can enjoy fast -moving games of soccer with a bell inside the ball and a new hand -held ultrasonic device to guide them. And that sound -location system could help to build up an even more complete sound picture to guide them. And that sound -location system could help to build up an even more complete sound picture of a blind persons surroundings.
Bats, whose sight is poor, use a sound -location system to help them avoid obstacles in the dark. They send out pulses of sound waves, pitched at 50,000 cycles per second, far above the limits of the human ear, which can hear sounds up to frequencies of about 20,000 cycles per second. As the echoes bounce back off obstacles such as trees and walls, the bats are able to take appropriate action. The sound is emitted by an ultrasonic torch, shaped like a double -barreled version of a normal electric torch. It works in a similar way to a sonar unit on a warship or submarine.
The units transmitter sends out pulses of ultrasonic waves at the same frequency as the bat, and the receiver picks up the returning echoes. Because these are still above the frequency at which the human ear can pick them up, the echoes are filtered through circuits which turn them into clearly audible "bleeps" before passing them into headphones.
This means that a person holding the torch can point it ahead of him and "scan "the area for obstacles over a range of about 25 ft. If there are no return echoes coming through the headphones, then there is nothing in the way.
If echoes do come back, then the closer the obstruction the faster the succession of bleeps and the deeper the pitch of each bleep. With practice the torch could help a blind person to lead a more normal life -without needing a constant companion to guide him .Experienced operators of the torch system claim they can distinguish grass from bushes ,tress, posts and kerbstones.
But before blind people can be helped to feel really independent, the system needs to be more streamlined. At present ,the experimental ultrasonic torch requires a shoulder bag to carry the batteries, cables for the power supplies and earphones, in addition to the torch itself. But miniaturization of electronic equipment is making such rapid progress that it should not be long before the whole set -up can be reproduced in a form small enough to fit into a pair of spectacles. The transmitter and power supplies, with all the circuitry, would be packed into the bridge -piece above the nose. The sending and receiving sensors would be in the "lenses". And the filtered bleeps would be passed on to the wearer through the earpieces, as with present -day hearing -aid spectacles.
This would mean that scanning ones surroundings would become instinctive. The wearer would face in the direction he wanted to check, and lift or lower his head just as a sighted person would.
31.Compared with those with normal vision, blind people possess .
A. greater sensitivity to sound
B. a more vivid imagination
C. a greater sense of smell
D. an ability to distinguish every tiny sound
32.The attempt to help blind people to see with sound .
A. was similar to the sound location system of the bats
B. led to a product that sent out sound waves of about 20,000 cycles per second
C. was experimented on a submarine
D. turned out be a failure
33.Experienced operators of the torch system claim that .
A. they are able to distinguish an objects color
B. they can visualize an entire 25-foot area
C. they can function as effectively as if they had normal vision
D. they can distinguish grass from bushes ,trees ,posts and kerbstones
34.The author predicts that in the future ultrasonic devices could be .
A. worn as an earpiece
B. worn as eyeglasses
C. carried in ones pocket
D. strong enough to detect frequencies above 50,000 cycles per second
35.The word "instinctive" in the last paragraph means that with the future ultrasonic device, .
A. the bind will appear like the sighted people when scanning his surroundings
B. the blind will scan his surroundings automatically
C. the blind will have to turn his face while walking
D. the blind will be able to lift or lower his head while walking