(六)肯定与否定题 听力测试题有很多对话常通过某种否定形式来表示肯定含义,或是利用肯定 形式表示否定意义。其目的是考查学生的快速反应能力和基础知识掌握的程度。 1 、常见的以否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有: cannot wait 不定式或can hardly wait 不定式(急于…,迫切希望…); cannot与much(或too , enough , sufficiently , over ,构成的合成词) 连用(无论怎么也不为过);cannot help doing (禁不住做…);cannot but do(不得不,必然);cannot help but do(不得不);have no choice/ alternative but to do (除做…外别无选择,非做…不可);nothing but (只有,只不过) ;另外,还可以通过各种比较结构来表示肯定含义,最常用的有:nothing less than (和…一模一样,完全是);more A than B (与其说是B ,不如说 是A 或是A 而不是B );less A than B (与其说是A ,不如说是B 或是B 而不 是A ) ;not so much A as B(是B 而不是A );A not so…as B(A 比B …), 表达的正好是原结构中形容词或副词的反义。 2 、常见的以肯定表示否定的意义的有: anything but(根本不);used to (过去常常,是对现在的情况的否定, 说明现在已不这样做);too …to…(太…以致不…,这一结构的不定式表示否 定意义);prefer…to…(该短语否定的是介词短语部分,表示“不喜欢或不会 做”等);would rather…than(宁愿…而不,这一结构否定的是than后的动词, would …rather than 与其用法相同。) 「例一」 A ) She is going to give up biology. B ) She spends half of her time on biology. C ) To her , biology is difficult , but math is not. D ) To her , math is even more difficult than biology. M : What do you think of biology ? W : It ‘s given me a hard time, though it is not as difficult as math. Q : What can we learn about the woman? 「例二」 A ) She is eager to know what the present is. B ) She is not anxious to know what it is. C ) She doesn‘t now what she is asked to wait for. D ) She really doesn ‘t care about the present. M : What did your parents buy you for your birthday? W : I don‘t know. But I can hardly wait to see it. Q : What does the woman mean ?