为了使自己的观点更有说服力、更加明确，作者经常用具体的例子打比方，句中常由as, such as, for example, for instance等引导的短语或句子作为举例句，这些例句或比喻成为命题者提问的焦点。考生需注意的是例子或比喻一般是和文章或段落中心紧密相关的，常以"细节事实性"题型和"推断性"题型出现，但偏倾于"推断性"题型。 例1. The opinion seems ridiculous because, for one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But drives can be programmed into the computer s brain jute as nature programmed them into our human brains as a part of the equipment for survival. Q：Today, computers are still inferior to man in terms of ______ . (A) decision making (B)drives and feelings (见《分册》P145页) (C)growth of reasoning (D)information absorption (分析：选B项。这属辩认细节事实题，依据文章我们知道计算机缺少人类所具有的动机和情感：computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures,至于动机可以被编入计算机程序，那是今后的事，就目前而言计算机在动机和情感方面不如人类。选项B符合题意。考生只要注意到for one thing后面一句话，即可选出。) 例2.…. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquainting with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as reader,listeners, and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates. Q: The passage is most like a part of。 (A)a news article (B) a journalistic interview (C) a research report (D) a preface (分析：选D项。这属判断、推理题。考生在了解全文梗概之后，要正确地对文章的内容作出判断，考生关键要看懂文章最后一句话："…as this book indicates。"由此便推断正确的答案是D项。) 例3….In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programs are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue.… Q：Which of the following statements does the writer support? (A) The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing. (B) Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. (C) Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons. (D) Greater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear every programmes. (分析：选A项，属推理题，依据文中"such an expansion assumes…. However,…便可推断出A项正确。)