Part II Reading Comprehension（35 minutes） Directions：There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。You should decided on the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre . Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage： The ordinary family in colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical survival and beyond that，its own economic prosperity.Thus，children were valued in terms of their productivity and they assumed the role of producer quite early.Until they fulfilled this role，their position，in the structure of the family was one of subordination，and their psychological need and capacities received little consideration. As the society became more complex，the status（地位）of children in the family and in the society became more important.In the complex technological society that the United States has become，each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in constant contact with a great many other members.Consequently，viewing children as potentially acceptable and necessarily multifaceted（多方面的）member of society means that they are regarded more as people in their own right than as utilitarian（功利的）organisms .This acceptance of children as equal participants in the contemporary family is reflected in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs devoted exclusively to their well-being. This new view of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also resulted in a surge of interest in child-rearing techniques.People today spend a considerable portion of their time conferring on the proper way to bring up children.It is now possible to influence the details of the socialization of another person s child by spreading the gospel（原则、信条）of current and fashionable theories and methods of child rearing. The socialization of the contemporary child in the United States is a two-way transaction between parent and child rather than a one-way parent-to-child training program.As a consequence， socializing children and living with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure，satisfaction，and problem. 21.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ A）The Place of Children in United States Society B）The Children of Colonial North America C）The Development of Cultural Values D）The Child as a Utilitarian Organism 22.According to the author，children in colonial North America were mainly valued for their . A）academic achievements B）survival instincts C）physical characteristics D）productive roles 23.What can be inferred from the passage about formal schooling in colonial North America？ A）Children were taught to learn from other children s success. B）Children were taught to be more productive. C）Schooling at that time was very undeveloped. D）Teachers and parents would pay much attention to the children s psychological needs. 24.Which of the following does the author mention as a cause of changes in the role of the child in the United States？ A）An increase in technology. B）The growing complexity of the child s psychological needs. C）A decrease in the child s intellectual capacities. D）The growing number of single parent families. 25.According to the passage parents have become increasingly interested in ____ . A）their children s future occupations B）having smaller families C）adoptions programs for childless couples D）child-rearing techniques Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage： On June 17，1744，the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations.The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College.In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows： We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges，and that the costs of living of our young men，while with you，would be very expensive to you.We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal and we thank you heartily.But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things，and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.We have had some experience of it.Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the colleges of the northern provinces ；they were taught all your sciences；but when they came back to us they were bad runners，ignorant of every means of living in the woods，they were totally good for nothing. We are，however，not the less obliged by your kind offer，though we refuse to accept it，and to show our grateful sense of it，if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons，we wi1l take care of their education，teach them in al1 we know and make men of them. 26.This passage is about ____ . A）the colleges of the northern province B）the problems of the Americans in the mid 18th century C）the educational values of the Indians D）the talk between the Indians and the officials 27.According to the letter，the Indians believed that____ . A）they were being insulted by the offer B）they knew more about science than the officials C）it would be better for their boys to receive some schooling D）they had a better way of educating young men 28.The Indian s chief purpose in writing the letter seems to ____ . A）politely refuse a friendly offer B）describe Indian customs C）express their opinions on equal treatment D）show their pride 29.Different from the officials view of education，the Indians thought ____ . A）they taught different branches of science B）they should teach the sons of the officials first C）they had different goals of education D）young women should also be educated 30.The tone of the letter as a whole is best described as ____ . A）pleasant B）polite C）inquiring D）angry