Questions 1-7 A band has five members-Jack, Karen, Louse, Mark, and Nancy. Whenever they give a performance, each of them plays one of five instruments-a banjo, a drum, a guitar, a harmonica, and a piano. All five instruments are used in each performance. Karen is able to play only the banjo. Jack is able to play only the harmonica. Nancy is able to play any instrument except the piano. Mark is able to play both the guitar and the drum, but no other instruments. Louise is able to play any instrument. 1. Which of the following could be true? (A) Mark plays the drum at a performance. (B) Karen plays the harmonica at a performance. (C) Jack plays the piano at a performance. (D) Nancy plays the piano at a performance. (E) Louise plays the harmonica at a performance. 2. What instrument must Louise play at a performance? (A) Banjo (B) Drum (C) Guitar (D) Harmonica (E) Piano 3. Which of the following CANNOT be true? (A) Jack plays the harmonica at a performance. (B) Karen plays the piano at a performance. (C) Nancy plays the drum at a performance. (D) Mark plays the guitar at a performance. (E) Louise plays the piano at a performance. 4. If Nancy plays the drum at a performance, who plays the guitar? (A) Jack (B) Karen (C) Louise (D) Mark (E) Nancy 5. Political campaigns to win election to an office are much more costly than campaigns to retain an office. Two separate econometric studies made three years ago found that a challenger s campaign expenditures would have to exceed those of the incumbent by $200,000 to make a difference. And this is just an average figure. Since campaign expenses differ widely from election district to election district, there will be individual districts where this figure is considerable higher. The information above provides which of the following reasons for not placing limits on campaign spending? (A) Such limits undemocratically, and thus indefensibly, restrict political competition by favoring incumbents. (B) Such limits are currently set too high for actual campaign expenditures to be affected. (C) Such limits run counter to the stilit of constitutional granaries of an individual s right to act freely as long as nobody else s rights are abridged. (D) Such limits are determined separately for each election district on the basis of previous levels of campaign expenditures. (E) Such limits in no way guarantee a candidate s ability to raise as much money as he or she is entitled to raise. 6. In 1974, Congress reduced the income tax rates for single persons. This change had the effect of penalizing married couples with two incomes, because they then were required to pay more in taxes than they would have if they had remained single. Since 1974, there has been a 149 percent increase in the number of unmarried couples living together. Therefore, Congress could significantly increase the number of marriages among such couples by revising the present income tax rates. The main flaw in the reasoning in the passage above is that it (A) suggests that Congress revamp current income tax laws to favor married couples with two incomes (B) assumes that Congress intentionally penalized married couples when it required that they pay higher income taxes than single people (C) suggests that Congress should consider now its income tax legislation affects ail segments of the population (D) suggests that current income tax law, rather than one or more other factors, is responsible for the increase in the number of unmarried couples living together (E) assumes that current income tax rates determine whether or not most married couples choose to remain married 7. Cars made in the United States average 21.5 miles per gallon of gas, whereas imported cars average 30.5 miles per gallon. Therefore, owners of cars made in the United States spend substantially more for gas than do owners of imported cars. As a result, the automobile industry in the United States is losing a significant portion of the car market to foreign car makers. The passage above presupposes that (A) imported cars are better engineered than most cars made in the United States (B) automobile buyers in the United States are eager to preserve dwindling petroleum resources (C)the cost of operation is an important consideration for those who buy automobiles (D) imported cars and cars made in the United States cost approximately the same amount (E) the automobile industry in the United States will continue to lose a significant portion of the car market to foreign car makers