Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage 1 Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage:
On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of President, Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only Out of politeness. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere. It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15,000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked, “I have failed again.” On the train back to Washington, he said sadly,” That speech was a flat failure, and the people are disappointed. Some newspapers at first criticized the speech. But little by little people read the speech they began to understand better. They began appreciate its simplicity and its deep meaning. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made. Today, every American school child learns Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address by heart. Now everyone thinks of it as one of the greatest speeches ever given in American history. 1. In 1863,Abraham Lincoln was ________ A. very critical B. unpopular C. very popular D. very courteous 2. Lincoln was invited to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery because he was ______ A. a famous speaker B. a very handsome man C. President of the country D. a popular statesman 3. It can be inferred from the text that _________. A. Lincoln prepared his speech very carefully before he went to Gettysburg B. Lincoln was very busy at the time and didn’t have much time to prepare his speech C. Lincoln’s speech was full of rich words D. Lincoln’s speech was very long 4. It was a fact that Lincoln’s speech was _________. A. an immediate success B. warmly applauded C. a total failure D. not well-received at first 5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address has deep meaning. B. Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is simple in style. C. Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is memorized by every American school child. D. Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is the greatest speech ever delivered in the United States.
Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need. It has been demonstrated that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles. When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitamin-enriched fluid, the rats did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it, even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water. In time, however, they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were. In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria feeding arrangement, with a wide 0selection of baby food before them. They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in. We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to 0select well-balanced diet. So, in 0selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what’s best for them. Apparently, there is a kind of “body wisdom,” which humans soon lose. Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could. Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits. Some people eat fox, dog and blackbirds, while we eat cows and pigs. So what people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.
6. In the experiment on rats, a fragrant flavor was added to the rat’s drinking water to ________ A. encourage rats to drink vitamin-enriched water B. find out rats preference in flavor C. test whether rats know which drink is good for them D. demonstrate that vitamins are tasteless 7. The expression “the habit” (para. 1, sentence 4) refers to drinking water which _______ A. has no smell B. is tasteless C. has vitamins D. is flavored 8. According to the passage, adults eating habits differ from those of babies because _________ A. adults know better than babies what kind of food are good for their health B. adults usually cannot resist the temptation of various delicious foods C. adults’ eating habits are closely related to the social and cultural customs D. adults have more choices of food than babies in eating patterns 9. The author implied in the passage that most of us _________ A. eat a balanced diet B. choose the food that is of nutrition C. have the habits influenced by the surroundings D. like to eat the food with a fragrant flavor 10. As far as their eating habits are concerned, babies and rats are similar in that _________ A. both have the wisdom to choose a balanced diet B. both prefer flavored food and drink C. both have the same eating patterns D. both develop a taste for the same kinds of flavors