Currency and Exchange货币和外汇
Currency is money issued by governments and central banks throughout the world. An exchange rate is the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another. The value of one currency compared to another for the purpose of exchange is determined by either a “fixed” or a “floating” rate. A fixed rate is one that is set and maintained by a government or central bank. A floating rate is determined in the foreign exchange, or Forex, market by supply and demand. Travelers must buy the currency of the country which they are visiting in order to make purchases in local markets. Although today, both fixed and floating rate currencies are used, most exchange is governed by rates set through a “managed float.”
货币是各国政府和中央银行发行的钱币。汇率是一种货币转换为另一种的比率。一种货币对另一货币的转换价值取决于固定汇率或浮动汇率。固定汇率是固定的并由政府或中央银行维持。浮动汇率取决于外汇及市场的供给和需求。旅行者必须购买旅游当地的货币从而进行消费。虽然现如今同时使用固定和浮动利率，但大多数利率采用固定利率并带有一定的浮动。