举例、比较、换言--作文主体段落三大杀手锏

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:09:06 12:02:49
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

一、举实例

In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they film him or her.

二、做比较

方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的；

相似的比较：in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner

相反的比较：on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …

三、换言之

I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.

I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.

结尾

结尾需要灵活创造。一般的习惯是，一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法；但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语，以便使文章首尾呼应，结构完整。

1. 首尾呼应，画龙点睛

After her death, I felt as if something were missing in my life. I was sad over her passing away, but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of others.

2. 重复主题句

3. 用反问结尾

How far can we go if the current situation is not to be changed?

4. 指明方向，激励读者

As we have said above, sports can be of great value. They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work better. A sound mind is in a sound body. Let’s go in for sports.
结尾万能公式：

一. 结论

Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.二. 建议

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.(虚拟语气用得经典)

更多句型：

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.

Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.

检查四个重点部位，把好最后一关

1） 是否切题(主题句)

2） 是否连贯

检验的标准主要是句子是否通顺，该用连接词的地方用了没有，以及所用的连接词是否合适。

3） 是否有语法错误

主谓是否一致，动词的时态、语态、语气的使用是否正确，词组的搭配是否合乎习惯。为避免不必要的语法错误，对把握性不大的词组、句型绝不要用。而应使用那些自己熟悉的词组、句型来表达相同或相近的意思。

4）是否有大小写、拼写、标点错误

在这些细枝末节上，谨慎细心地处理，无疑会进一步提高文章的整体质量。在检查、改错的过程中，切忌乱涂乱抹。保持卷面清洁，会给阅卷者留下好印象。

Advantages and Disadvantages of…题型

套路

Nowadays, …plays an important part/role in … //… has become a household word. Like everything else, it has both merits and demerits. Generally speaking, the positive aspects can be listed as follows:

First,…. In addition,…. Above all,….

But every coin has two sides. // But every advantage has its disadvantage. The negative aspects are also apparent. To begin with,…. To make matters worse,…. Worst of all,…. But obviously, the advantages of … outweigh its disadvantages, which speaks for its popularity.

Application Letters

1. Express your interest in the post you are applying for give reasons for your application.

2. State personal qualifications and experience related to the post.

3. References//Requests for further information.

图表

要对图表进行描写和讨论，首先要看懂图表，弄清其反映的问题或现象。注意：

1. 图表的类型：

pie chart（表示各种事物在总数中所占比例）

line graph（表示一种事物的上升或下降趋势）

bar graph（表示几种事物在同一时期上升或下降的情况）

table（表示多种事物之间的关系）

2. 抓住主要数据，反映根本问题：

①借助题目和要求 ②变化明显的数字

3. 掌握一些数字表达法：

① In the year…, it rose/increased/soared/jumped//decreased/0dropped/fell by …percent

② In comparison with…, the figure/percentage has nearly/more than doubled/tripled/quadrupled.

③ By the end of the last decade, as many as three quarters/75 percent of/three out of four/three in four college graduates as against/as opposed to 1990, had …