备考2007年考研:英语考前必做三套题(三)下

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:09:08 13:00:03
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

　　Part B

　　Sample One

　　Directions：

　　In the following text， some sentences have been removed. For Questions 4145， choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices， which do not fit in any of the blanks.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points）

　　Americans wear black for mourning. Chinese wear white. Westerners think of dragons as monsters. Chinese honor them as symbols of God. Chinese civilization has often shown such polarities with the West， as though each stands at extreme ends of a global string. 41）

　　His findings go far toward explaining why American cultures seem so contentious and Chinese cultures so passive， when compared to each other. More importantly， the research opens the way for the peoples of the East and the West to learn from each other in fundamental ways. 42）said Kaiping Peng， a former Beijing scholar， who is now a UC Berkeley assistant professor of psychology.

　　“Americans have a terrible need to find out who is right in an argument，” said Peng. “The problem is that at the interpersonal level， you really dont need to find the truth， or may be there isnt any.” Chinese people， said Peng， are far more content to think that both sides have flaws and virtues， because they have a holistic awareness that life is full of contradictions. They do far less blaming of the individual than do Americans， he added.

　　In studies of interpersonal argument， for example， when subjects were asked to deal with contradictory information stemming from conflict between a mother and a daughter or a student and a school， Peng found that Americans were “noncompromising， blaming one side—usually the mother— for the causes of the problems， demanding changes from one side to attain a solution and offering no compromise” in dealing with the conflict.

　　43）

　　In tests of scientific thinking， however， the Chinese came up short. Asked to determine which statement was true—whether， for instance， smoking makes people gain or lose weight—Chinese respondents took the middle road， even when they believed one statement to be less true than another.

　　44）

　　He believes that this tendency to find the middle way has hampered Chinese efforts to seek out scientific truth through aggressive argumentation， the classic Western method for forging a linear path through contradictory information， which results in identifying right and wrong answers.

　　Dialectical thinking also has a Western version， which Americans often consider the highest， most sophisticated form of reasoning， said Peng. This type of reasoning allows people to proceed from thesis to antithesis， to synthesis.

　　45）

　　［A］In Chinese folk wisdom， by comparison， people do not attempt to work through the contradictions， following a cultural tradition which holds that reality is “multilayer， unpredictable and contradictory，” and is in a constant state of change， Peng said.

　　［B］“It can hardly be right to move to the middle when you have just read evidence for a less plausible view. Yet that is what the Chinese subjects did，” said Peng.

　　［C］The Chinese could learn much from Western methods for determining scientific truth， and Americans could profit enormously from the Chinese tolerance for accepting contradictions in social and personal life.

　　［D］Compared to this angry， blaming American stance， the Chinese were paragons of compromise， finding fault on both sides and looking for solutions that moved both sides to the middle.

　　［E］The best way is to use both one style for science and another for relationships. Maybe that will be the real benefit of multiculturalism.

　　［F］“They should stop blaming each other， poor people and immigrants， and talk about what we can do as a society to become more tolerant，” said Peng.

　　［G］ Now a University of California， Berkeley， Psychologist has discovered deeper polarities between Chinese and American cultures—polarities that go to the heart of how we reason and discover truth.