文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:09:20 13:26:38
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网
English Idioms
1. Characteristics of idioms
1) Semantic unity
Each idiom is a semantic unity. The semantic unity can be reflected by the fact that the meaning of an idiom is very often not the total sum of the meanings of the constituent words. The semantic unity can also be shown in the illogical relations between the literal meanings of the constituent words and the meaning of the idiom.
2) Structural stability
Structural stability means that the structure of an idiom usually remains unchangeable. In other words, the constituent components of an idiom can not, generally speaking, be replaced.
2. Classification of idioms
1) Idioms norminal in nature:
They function as nouns in a sentence.
2) Idioms adjectival in nature
They function as adjectives in a sentence.
3)Idioms verbal in nature
They function as verbs in a sentence.
4)Idioms adverbial in nature
They function as adverbials in a sentence.
5)Sentence idioms
Such idioms are usually in complete sentential form. They are usually proverbs or sayings.
3.Use of idioms
1) Stylistic features
Different idioms show different stylistic meanings. Some are casual, others formal, still others neural in style. The same idiom may show stylistic differences when denoting different meanings.
2)Rhetorical features
(1)Phonetic manipulation
a. alliteration such as "chop and change"
b. rhyme such as "toil and moil"
(2)Lexical manipulation
a. reiteration, which means the duplication of synonyms such as "chop and change"
b. repetition, which means the repetition of the same word, such as "by and by"
c. juxtaposition, which means the combination of two antonyms such as "day and night"
(3) Figures of speech
a. simile: as proud as a peacock
b. metaphor: white elephant
c. metonymy: velvet glove
d. synecdoche: earn one s bread
e. personification: Failure is the mother of success
4. Variations of idioms
1)addition: "in good condition" from "in condition"
2) deletion: "the last straw" from "It is the last straw that breaks the camel s back."
3) position-shifting: "The Johnsons keep up with sb" from "keep up with the Johnsons"
4) replacement: "wash one s clean linen in public" from "wash one s dirty linen in public"
Idioms are terse, vivid and expressive.
相关文章
情态动词--比较may和might
英语词汇学系列讲座(英)之(九)
情态动词:情态动词的语法特征
英语词汇学系列讲座(英)之(七)
英语词汇学系列讲座(英)之(八)
英语词汇学系列讲座(英)之(六)
英语词汇学系列讲座(英)之(四)
英语词汇学系列讲座(英)之(五)
英语词汇学系列讲座(英)之(二)
澳大利亚华人论坛
考好网
日本华人论坛
华人移民留学论坛
英国华人论坛