2007英语四级写作训练(二):比较型作文之1

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:10:10 11:29:06
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

比较型作文之8分作文

比较型作文一般分为说明式比较和议论式比较两种。说明式比较在比较过程中，作者不发表个人意见，在文中不体现个人取向，单纯以说明介绍为目的。

在四、六级考试中的比较型作文多以议论式比较的形式出现。议论式比较以比较事物优劣、阐明自己立场为目的，一般分为倾向型和中立型两种类型。

一、倾向型比较论说文

1.、首段 = 引言 主题句
引言句（第一句）：引出比较的对象
主题句（第二句）：提出主题，明确表明作者的个人取向与偏好。
2、主体部分
对比点的笔墨分配：应有所侧重，对于作者持否定态度的事物的优势要少写，而肯定的事物的优点则要多用笔墨，对于其缺点则可轻描淡写、一笔带过。
3、结尾段 = 呼应主题句 强调被肯定事物的积极作用等
第一句：呼应主题句
第二句：可以用一句话归纳被肯定事物的优点等。

结尾段 = 让步句 呼应主题句
第一句：以让步的口吻，提出被否定事物的一个小优点
第二句：笔锋一转，用一句话归纳并突出被肯定事物的重大优点，进一步确定自己的选择，与主题句相互照应。

二、中立型比较论说文

首段和主体部分与倾向型比较论说文相同，而结尾段一般采用简化总结模式：
结尾段 = 呼应主题句 一句话总结
第一句：呼应主题句
第二句：总结所比较对象最突出的优点，可用while，whereas 连接

万能模板：

倾向型

1. 有人认为大学住宿应该独处一室 2.有人认为应该与同学合住 3.我的观点 It is often difficult for ______ to decide whether A or B . In my opinion, A is always better. Some students dont like B . First, they think ______ because ______. Second, _______. Third,_________. The incomparable advantage of A is that ___________. First,___________. Second,________ .Third,________. I regard A as a precious opportunity for it is the best way of ___________. And I confidently believe that _______.

中立型

1.有人喜欢乡村生活 2.有人喜欢都市生活 3.我的观点 Those who prefer A have their own reasons,while some other people prefer B . As for me ,both A and B have merits and demerits. First and foremost,__________. Moreover, ____________. Last but not least, _______. On the contrary _________. In addition,___________. What’s the commonest,________ Either ___________ or a _______gives _________ .I believe__________

引出不同观点:

1、 People’s views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… . However, others believe that…. 人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为….. 然而其他人却认为．．．

2、 People may have different opinions on… 人们对…可能会有不同的见解.

3、Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. 人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.

4、There are different opinions among people as to… 关于…. 人们的观点大不相同.

5、Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.

结尾：

1、Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…

把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…

2、Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that…

考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论…

3、Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that…

因此,我们最好得出这样的结论…

4、There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.

毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.

5、All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.

总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.

比较型连接词：like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.

比较型常用句型：

1．The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.

2．The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.

3．A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...

4．It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...

5．For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.

6．Like anything else, it has its faults.

7．A and B has several points in common.

8．A bears some resemblances to B.

9．However, the same is not applicable to B.

10. A and B differ in several ways.

11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.

12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.

13. The same is true of B.

14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.

15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...

四六级考试加分句型：

1. It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型。 She had said what it was necessary to say.

2. 强调句型。 It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us.

3. "All 抽象名词"或"抽象名词 itself"(very 形容词)。 He was all gentleness to her.

4. 利用词汇重复表示强调。 A crime is a crime a crime.

5. "something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of"
"something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为"anything of"，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like译为"有点像，略似。"

They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar.