不同版本的Linux操作系统下软件源设置

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:12:15 12:34:11
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

这四个Linux版本都可以通过设置软件源而在线安装或升级软件。Debian和Ubuntu使用apt，Fedora使用yum而Mandriva使用urpm来执行这些操作。首先得选择合适的软件源。
　
　　对于Debian，建议使用ustc的源，修改/etc/apt/source.list文件如下：
　
　　

deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ testing main non-free contrib deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ testing/0updates main non-free contrib deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/debian-uo/ sid marillat ustc java misc #deb http://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/debian/debian testing main non-free contrib #deb http://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/debian/debian-security testing/0updates main non-free contrib #deb http://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/debian/debian-unofficial sid marillat ustc java misc

　
　　Debian的安装程序开始只安装了基本的软件包，要安装基本的Gnome系统，可以在命令行下输入：
　
　　apt-get install x-window-system-core gnome-core gdm xscreensaver
　
　　对于Ubuntu，建议使用Ubuntu中文站的源，修改/etc/apt/source.list文件如下：
　
　　

deb http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu dapper-0updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu dapper-backports main universe multiverse restricted deb http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu-cn dapper main universe multiverse restricted deb http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu-cn breezy main universe multiverse restricted

　
　　对于Fedora，首先修改yum的软件源，使用速度比较快的国内镜像。按照以下修改/etc/yum.repos.d目录的下面fedora-core.repo，fedora-extras.repo和fedora-0updates.repo这几个文件：
　
　　

#/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-core.repo [core] name=Fedora Core $releasever - $basearch - Base #baseurl=http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/fedora/linux/ core/$releasever/$basearch/os/ baseurl=ftp://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/ fedora/linux/core/$releasever/$basearch/os/ #baseurl=http://mirrors.geekbone.org/fedora/core/$releasever/$basearch/os/ #mirrorlist=http://fedora.redhat.com/download/mirrors/fedora-core-$releasever enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY #/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-extras.repo [extras] name=Fedora Extras $releasever - $basearch #baseurl=http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/fedora/ linux/extras/$releasever/$basearch/ baseurl=ftp://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/fedora /linux/extras/$releasever/$basearch/ #baseurl=http://mirrors.geekbone.org/fedora/extras/$releasever/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://fedora.redhat.com/download/mirrors/fedora-extras-$releasever enabled=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-extras gpgcheck=1 #/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-0updates.repo [0updates] name=Fedora Core $releasever - $basearch - Released Updates #baseurl=http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/fedora /linux/core/0updates/$releasever/$basearch/ baseurl=ftp://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/download.fedora.redhat.com/pub /fedora/linux/core/0updates/$releasever/$basearch #baseurl=http://mirrors.geekbone.org/fedora/core/0updates/$releasever/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://fedora.redhat.com/download/mirrors/0updates-released-fc$releasever enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora

　
　　然后建议加上freshrpms这个软件源（这个源包括了mp3插件，Mplayer，BmpX，aMule，unrar等等）。 首先以root用户运行如下命令导入密钥：
　
　　rpm ——import http://freshrpms.net/RPM-GPG-KEY-freshrpms