英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(三十六)

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2008:01:04 13:04:33
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

The violence within a society is controlled through institutions
of law. The most developed a legal system becomes, the more __1__
societies takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment __2__
of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to dealing with __3__
an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the
responsibility for personal carrying out judgment and punishment __4__
upon the person who did the offense. __5__
But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes
personalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for __6__
protecting individuals from violence. In cases where he cannot be __7__
protected, the society is responsible for committing punishment. __8__
In a state controlling legal system, individuals are removed __9__
from the circle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the __10__
state assumes responsibility for their protection.

答案及解析:
1.most改为more
这句话实际上使用了the more…the more…结果，表示"一个法律制度越完善，社会在其中所负的责任越大"。

2.societies改为society
society 这里应选择单数因为原句的意思是"一个国家的法律制度越完善，社会在发现，控制，和惩治暴力行为中所承担的责任就越大"，含义是单数的，所以应该使用单数形式。

3.dealing改为deal
the means to 词组里的to是不定式的to，因此后面应接动词原型。

4.personal改为personally
这里personally修饰carrying out judgment…，因此是使用副词。

5.did改为committed
offense经常与commit，cause，take，give搭配，这里用commit the offense 表示"犯罪"。

6.personalized改为depersonalized
前面一句话指明在部族社会"惩恶扬善"是家族或个人的事，而在法制社会里，"复仇"这一任务不再由个人担当，而是交给社会，因此这里不应使用personalized，而应使用depersonalized，表示"非个人化"。

7.he改为they
这里代词he与前面它所指代的名词individuals不一致，应为they。

8.committing改为imposing
commit的意思是"犯（错误），干（坏事），把…交拖给，答应负责"，在这里不适合，应改为impose。

9.controlling改为controlled
中心词legal system和control的关系是被动的，法律制度是被国家控制的。

10.circle改为cycle
circle和cycle的区别在于circle表示"圈子"，如：a circle of friends
而cycle表示"循环，周期"，如： the cycle of birth