公共英语等级考试PETS三级综合辅导(五)

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2008:03:18 14:51:12
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

一、词汇部分出题的形式以及重点和难点：

1．选择项为形近义异词

例1．From her conversation, I __________ that she had a large family.

A. deduced B. decided

C. declared D. deceived

答案：A.

解析：本句的意思是“从她的谈话中，我推断出她有一大家子人。”

Deduce推断；decide决定；declare宣布；deceive欺骗。

例2． If you ________ the speed limit, you will get into trouble with the police.

A. exclude B. exceed

C. excuse D. execute

答案：B

解析：本句的意思是“如果你超速，就会有警察找你麻烦。”

exclude 排除，拒绝； exceed 超过；excuse 原谅； execute执行，实行。

2．选择项为同义词或近义词

例1.He took his greatly _____ boat to repair.

A. damaged B. destroyed

C. wounded D. injured

答案： A

解析： damage, 动词，“损坏”，与destroy的区别在于destroy指“摧毁”，无法修复。这里由于有to repair,因为用damage比较合适。injure, 动词，“伤害”，通常指对人的容貌、健康、财产、名誉等的损害。而wound指身体受到创伤。

例2.It is _____ for a person in his position to make such a mistake.

A. rare B. less

C. little D. few

答案： A

解析： rare： 此处的意思是：罕见的。本句的意思是：“一个处在他这样位置的人难得犯这种错误。”其他三个词不符题意。

又如：

Problems will__________ if you do it this way.

A. rise B. arise

C. raise D. arouse

答案：B

Tom ______more than twenty pounds for the dictionary.

A. spent B. pay

C. cost D. took

答案： A

3．选择项为词义完全不同的词

例1：He was fully ____ of his own shortcomings.

A. sensitive B. sensible

C. serious D. sincere

答案：B

解析：本句的意思是“他很清楚自己的缺点。”

Sensitive敏锐的； sensible 知道的，觉悟的；serious 严重的； sincere真诚的。

例2：When she heard the bad news, she _____ completely.

A. broke away B. broke up

C. broke down D. broke out

答案： C

解析： break down: 禁不住痛哭，（身体，精神）垮了. Break out: 爆发，突然发生。Break up: 打破，打碎。Break away: 断绝关系。

4．选择项为短语动词

例1．His business is growing so fast that he must____ more workers.

A. take up B. take on

C. take over D. take out

答案：B

解析：本句的意思是“他的生意拓展很快，他必须雇佣更多的工人。”

take up 从事； take on 雇佣； take over代替； take out 去除。

例2．I have to ______ my visit as Ill be very busy next week.

A. call for B. call on

C. call off D. call in

答案：C

解析：本句的意思是“下周我会很忙，所以不得不取消访问。”

call for请求；call on号召，访问；call off取消；call in请，来访。

5．选择项为固定搭配

例I believe that every crime, __________ the circumstance, should be severely punished.

A. in spite of B. because of

C. instead of D. on account of

答案：A

解析：本句的意思是“我认为不论何种犯罪都应予严惩。”

in spite of 不论； because of 因为； instead of 代替； on account of因为。

又如Rubber differs from plastics __________ it is produced naturally.

A. at that B. in that

C. for that D. with that

解析：本句的意思是“橡胶与塑料不同，因为它是天然产品。”in that因为。答案：B

一、词汇题的答题技巧

1.选用表示增加递进关系的词为线索:

这些词常见的有: besides, moreover（在什么基础上还，更有甚者，而且……）, furthermore（与moreover同义）, but, in addition，again（再，又）, and, also, too。

例: _____ the last one, I answered all the questions.

A. Except B. Except for C. Besides D. In addition to

答案: B

解析: Except for: 指对结论的修正.如:本句的意思“我回答了所有的问题，除了最后一个”。因此，“except for the last one”是对前一句的修正。Except：除了……外. In addition to 除了……(包括).

2.利用表示比较或对比关系的词为线索:

这些词常见的有: but, however, although, in contrast（比较而言，相比较之下，常用于两件对立的事实，指出其间的差异处）, instead of.

例: I work hard like a dog, _____ I have little salary every month.

A. so B. but C. and D. furthermore

答案: B

解析: 本句意思是:我工作特别刻苦,但是我的薪水却很少!应该选择but。其他的几个词是指递进或是并列的关系.

3.利用表示因果生态系统的词为线索:

这些词常见的有:because（因为）, as（由于，因为）, since（既然）, for（由于）, as a result（结果，因此）, thus（如此，这样；因而，从而）, therefore（由此，因此）.

例: He is a very _____ person because he has done a lot of good things for the local people.

A. respectable. B. respectful. C. respective. D. respecting

答案: A

解析: 这句话的意思是:他是一个很受尊敬的人，因为他为当地人们做了许多好事。respectable可敬的，高尚的；respectful充满敬意的，有礼貌的；respective 各自的，各个的；respecting是respect的分词形式。

二、语法结构部分应试技巧

1、注意在句子中寻找线索：

例1: When I went to visit Mrs.Smith last week, I was told she _____ two days before.

A. has left B. was leaving

C. would leave D. had left

答案： D

解析： 这句话的意思是: 我上一周去拜访史密斯小姐的时候，被告诉她两天前离开了。注意前句中的时间线索，知道这个消息时是上一周，而史密斯小姐是在此之前离开的，也就是“离开”这动作发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。

例2: Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the company ___.

A．has been accepted. B. have been accepted.

C．was accepted. D. were accepted.

答案： C

解析： 这句话的意思是: 在那家公司曾求职的两个年轻人都没有被录用.

2. 如果题目是由两句话组成，其中必有一句是为答题提供线索的:

例Don’t tell her the answer. Let her do the exercise _____ .

A. she B. her C. herself D. itself

答案： C

解析： 这句话的意思是: 不要告诉她答案,让她自己做练习.

3.注意及物和不及物的区别，注意主、被动关系。

例: “The ceremony has already started.”“look! The flag is _____ now.”

A. being raised B. risen

C. being rose D. raising

答案： A

解析： 这句话的意思是: “仪式已经开始了.” “看, 现在旗正在升起.”

look,信号词,进行时态.旗正在被升起来,应当排除B,D. 注意rise和raise区别: 前者是不及物动词,不能用被动时态.而后者是及物动词,可以用被动语态.故A正确.

4.注意区分一个句子中的主要动词与次要动词:

例1: Three people, _____ ,were injured in the accident.

A. including a child B. include a child

C. included a child D. includes a child

答案: A

解析:这句话的意思是: 三个人在那次事故中受伤了,其中包括一个孩子.注意:句子谓语动词唯一性.这句的谓语动词是injured, 这里include是一个分词结构,表示一种从属状语. Included,本句的主语是人,是一种主动关系,所以不能用过去分词形式.

例2: _____ I saw was two men crossing the street.

A. What B. Whom

C. Who D. That

答案: A

解析: 这句话的意思是:我看到的是两个男人穿过街道。这句话的主要动词是was，而不是saw那么我们选A，为什么不选择B呢？如果选择B，那么后面一定要说清楚是张三还是李四。

5. 注意某些信号词的辨认:

这些信号词常见的有: for, otherwise, or.

例1: I believe he _____ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time.

A. would have had B. could have had

C. should have had D. must have had

答案: D

解析: 我相信他一定是出了交通事故了，否则的话他该到了。Otherwise 信号词。

例2: Something must have happened on their way here. Or they _____ by now.

A. should have arrived B. should arrive

C. would have arrived D. would arrive

答案: C

解析: Or,信号词。我相信他一定在路上出了什么事儿了，否则的话现在他该到了。