考研英语阅读理解思路透析和真题揭秘(43)考研

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2009:01:25 08:19:31
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

　　1998年Passage 4
　　Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.
　　This development - and its strong implications for US politics and economy in years ahead - has enthroned the South as America’s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation’s head counting.
　　Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people - numerically the third largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years.
　　Americans have been migrating south and west in larger number since World War II, and the pattern still prevails.
　　Three sun belt states - Florida, Texas and California - together had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th - with Cleveland and Washington.DC, 0dropping out of the top 10.
　　Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say, Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too - and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s "baby boom" generation reached its child bearing years.
　　Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances-
　　● Regionally, the Rocky Mountain states reported the most rapid growth rate - 37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population.
　　●Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except fro Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million people - about 9 per square mile.
　　The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.
　　Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state.
　　In that decade, however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts of the West. Often they chose - and still are choosing - somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.
　　As a result, California’s growth rate 0dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percent - little more than two thirds the 1960s’ growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.
　　65. We can see from the available statistics that _____ .
　　[A] California was once the most thinly populated area in the whole US
　　[B] the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located in the West
　　[C] cities with better climates benefited unanimously from migration
　　[D] Arizona ranked second of all states in its growth rate of population
　　[答案] D
　　[解题思路]
　　本文多次提到加利福尼亚州，但是并没有说其是全美人口最少的州，因此可以首先排除A选项。文章倒数第五段中谈到"Except for Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million people - about 9 per square mile"(除了佛罗里达州和得克萨斯州外，处于人口增长率前10位的都是西部各州，共有750万人--每平方英里约9个人)，可见B选项错误。C选项的表述则过于绝对，在文章中并没有对应的信息。而文章倒数第五段也谈到"Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively"(内华达和亚利桑那是增长率最高的两个州：其增长率分别为63.5%和53.1%)，D选项正好符合这句话的细节。
　　[题目译文]
　　我们可以从已得到的数据中判断 。
　　[A] 加利福尼亚以前曾经是全美国人口最少的地区
　　[B] 人口增长排前10名的州都在西部
　　[C] 气候条件更好的州都从接纳移民中获益
　　[D] 亚利桑那州的人口增长率在所有的州中排名第二