同义关系同义词法: <.1>.并列关系:and, also , or, not only…but also, 注意:or多数引导两个部分的并列关系,或者两个句子之间的并列关系.or之前给出否定副词without,not,no, or引导并列
<.2>.递进关系:indeed(表示对原有状况的加强), almost, even, not only…but also, as…even as…递进关系
<.3>.因果关系相同: Because, since, for, if , thus, hence, so…that…, so…as to…, therefore, if…then, consequently, as a result, accordingly, in that, so much…as, result in, result form, cause, give rise to(导致。。。的兴趣),derive form(由。。。导致的),be due to, lead to(导致) 1.因果褒贬相同,感情色彩保持一致 2.手段-目的/结果 by, for, in order to, in an effort to 引导 3.By引导手段和目的之间的关系;手段和结果之间的因果关系。 4.原因从句:when , which, what, where, who 5.分词短语,不定式在句首的表目的/原因/结果
<.5>.动词逻辑关系相同:be, suggest, represent, reveal, show, manifest, embody, seem, be prone to, intend to, facilitate, brook, appear, necessitate, reflect, continue(to do), remain
<.6>.个体性格,行为,语言,态度及其相关事物的相同 物主代词是解题重点
<.7>.重复句型/解释句型: 标点符号:冒号(:)和分号(;) 冒号(:)表示上下两句话间的因果解释关系 分号(;)引导上下两句话间的并列关系 注意:分号的后面yet, however, but否定了分号引导的并列关系
对立关系反义词法: <.1>.让步转折相反:but, yet, however, although, even though, while, whereas, despite, in spite of, in contrast(to), on the contrary, on the other hand, whatever, otherwise, rather than, far from, instead of, nevertheless 注意:while在句首,引导上下2句的转折;while在句中要分析它之前的标点符号: 冒号分号-.上下2句的转折 (while in fact/ in actually)逗号,.--.多数表转折 (while ving 同时)无标点--.表示同时 But: 强调的是but后面的词 a skeptical but enlightened 否定的也是but后面的词 Adj1 but adj2两个adj都修饰一个名词:两个adj不能是对立面的转折词;多数是感情色彩的褒贬反义词;多数是程度转折词。 分隔由whatever, instead of , yet, but, very(表转折)引导时,为反义重复前文