同等学力申硕英语应试指南（辨别、改错）五

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:02:25 08:59:27
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

五、一致关系常见错误设置及答题思路

［常见错误］
一致关系包括主语与谓语、代词与所指代的名词在人称和数上要保持一致两个方面。
1.主语是单数, 谓语却是复数形式, 或反之, 主谓不一致的错误常出现在下列结构中：
①主谓倒装结构；
②主语与谓语之间有定语从句或其他结构修饰, 所以距离较远, 考生易误认主语；
③动名词短语或不定式短语作主语；
④主语带有with或such as等附加成分；
⑤关系代词作主语的定语从句；
⑥某些固定结构。
2.代词与所指代的名词不一致的错误常常是：
①在数上不一致；
②在人称上不一致；
③在格上不一致；
④出现在从属结构中。
例句：
On each (A) side of the highway was (B) hundreds of billboards advertising (C) everything from modern motels to roadside stands that sell fresh fruit (D) and bedspreads.(1995年考题)
(答案：B were, 倒装结构, 主语是hundreds of…)
The amount of pressure (A) which (B) the materials are subject (C) to affect (D) the quality of the products.
(答案：D affects, 主语与谓语之间有较长修饰语)
Transforming (A) raw materials into (B) useful products are (C) called manufacturing (D) .
(答案：C is, 主语是动名词短语)
The dean of the college together with some other (A) faculty members are planning (B) a conference for the purpose of (C) laying down certain (D) regulations.
(答案：B is planning, 主语有附加语)
There are many valuable services (A) which the public are (B) willing to pay for, but which (C) does not (D) bring a return in money to the community.
(答案：D do not, 第二个关系代词which作主语, 先行词是services)
One of the world′s largest (A) salt mines lie (B) directly under (C) rhe city (D) of Detroit.
(答案：B lies, 主语是one)
George is one (A) of the graduate students who (B) has (C) got a part time (D) job.
(答案：C have, 与先行词students一致)
Mr.Wang is the only one (A) of the teachers in (B) our university who (C) own (D) a car.
(答案：D owns, 与先行词one一致)
注意：上面三个带one的句子对谓语数的影响。