在职申硕学位英语指南之辨别改错(二)

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:02:25 10:23:35
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网


二、虚拟语气常见错误设置及答题思路

[常见错误]

  1.规范搭配的主从句动词形式有一个有错误。 来源:考
  2.主句和从句的动词形式与各自发生的时间不相对应。
  3.在省略if采用倒装表示虚拟的结构中, 主句谓语动词没有用虚拟形式, 或主句动词是虚拟形式, 但从句倒装有误。
  4.在用介词短语、并列分句或分词等其他方式表示虚拟条件的句子中, 谓语动词没有采用虚拟形式。
  5.一些表达命令、建议、愿望意义的词后接宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句或同位语从句时, 从句中动词没有采用(should )动词原形。

例句:
  If the police would have (A) arrived (B) earlier, he would have (C) seen (D) the accident.
(答案:A had, 与过去事实相反, 从句用had done)
  Had paul received (A) six more (B) votes in the last election, he would have been (C) our chairman (D) now.
(答案:C would be, 时间状语now表示主句与现在事实相反)
  The demand for (A) electricity can (B) not readily be met were it not (C) for another source of (D) energy-nuclear power.
(答案:B could, 表示非真实的假设)
  Victor obviously (A) doesn′t know what′s happened (B) .otherwise he didn′t make (C) such a (D) stupid remark.
(答案:C wouldn′t have made, otherwise连接虚拟分句)
  Without (A) the friction between their (B) feet and the ground, people will (C) in no way (D) be able to walk.
(答案:C would, 介词without引导虚拟条件)
  So great (A) was (B) the influence of Thomas paine on (C) his own time that John Adams suggested that the era was called (D) "The Age of Paine".
(答案:D be called, suggest后接宾语从句, 其谓语应用动词原形)
  Emphasis is laid on (A) the necessity that all the objectives to be attained (B) take into (C) account before starting (D) a new project.
(答案:C be taken into, necessity后接同位语从句, 其谓语应用动词原形)
  It (A) is essential that (B) all these figures are to be (C) checked twice (D) .
(答案:C be, 形容词essential要求其主语从句的谓语用动词原形)

[辨错思路]

  注意查找句中表示虚拟语气的线索和信号:
  1.如果试题中出现连词if, 应仔细研究句子的语义, 分辨它引导的是真实条件, 还是虚拟条件, 如果是表示假定的虚拟语气意义, 则看一下主、从句中的谓语动词是否采用了相应的形式。
  2.看到一个句子时, 一定要弄明白句中条件和结果两部分的时间所指, 再看谓语动词形式是否与所指时间一致。
  3.观察题句中是否出现表示建议、命令、意愿的词语(无论是动词、还是其派生出的形容词、名词), 审查后接that从句中谓语是否用(should )动词原形。
  4.如果题句中出现主谓部分倒装结构, 或without, but for等介词, 则应考虑到它们有可能引导虚拟条件。
  5.在确定谓语虚拟语气形式正确与否的同时, 还要留意语态是否有误。

[改错要领]
来源:考
  1.熟记英语虚拟语气的主从句常规搭配形式:
  假设类型 从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式来源:考
  与现在事实相反 动词过去式(Be动词were) would 动词原形
  与过去事实相反 had 过去分词 would have 过去分词
  与将来事实相反 should 动词原形were to 动词原形 would 动词原形

  2.熟记下列表示命令、意愿、建议的动词作谓语时, 其宾语从句动词要求用原形:
advise, ask, command, decide, demand, desire, insist, maintain, move, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, urge.

  3.熟记下列形容词后接that从句时, 从句中谓语动词需用原形:
advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, preferable, vital, natural.

  4.熟记下列名词后接that从句时, 从句中谓语动词需用原形:
advice, command, demand, importance, insistance, motion, necessity, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, suggestion, wish, condition, decision.

  5.除if外, 下列连词(或相当于连词)引导状语从句时, 从句中谓语动词有时要用虚拟形式:
  even if, even though, as if, as though, lest, for fear that, in case, suppose, supposing.

  6.下列介词和副词常用来引导让步假设和转折假设:
  but for, without/with, otherwise, but, or else.

  7.下列固定句型需使用虚拟语气:
  …would rather that…动词过去式/过去完成式…
  It is(high)time that…动词过去式…
  If only…动词过去式/过去完成式
  If it were/had been not for…

相关文章


在职申硕学位英语指南之辨别改错(四)
在职申硕学位英语指南之辨别改错(三)
在职申硕学位英语指南之辨别改错(二)
在职申硕学位英语指南之辨别改错(五)
在职申硕学位英语指南之辨别改错(一)
澳大利亚华人论坛
考好网
日本华人论坛
华人移民留学论坛
英国华人论坛