“the+形容词”既可以等同于复数普通名词,也可以等同于抽象名词,代表一类人或事。例如: the rich are apt to look down upon the poor.富人常常轻视穷人。 the poet had an yearning for the supernatural.诗人憧憬超自然的东西。
这种用法也可以适用于“the+现在分词”及“the+过去分词”。例如: the unexpected always happens. 天有不测风云。
the wounded and the dying were rushed to hospital. 受伤的人和垂死的人被急送到医院去了。 2.“the+ 比较级+理由”
该句型具有“更加”的意思。常以“all (或much) the+ 比较级”的形式出现。例如:
i am the more inclined to help him because he is poor. 因为他穷,我更想帮他。
it is all the more dangerous for not being generally recognized as such. 一般不认为危险的,反而更加危险。
3.“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”。该句型的意思为“越……越……”。例如: the more he flatters me,the less i like him.他越是迎合我,我越不喜欢他。 the higher the mountain is, the more people like to climb it. the more dangerous the mountain is, the more they wish to conquer it.山越高,人越想爬;山越危险,人越想征服它。 这种句型常用省略说法,例如: the sooner,the better.越快越好。 more haste,less speed. 欲速则不达。
4.“the last+不定式/形容词从句”。该句型的意思是“最不大可能的、最不适的”。例如:money is the last thing he wants,and you wont succeed by offering it.他决不要钱,你想用钱去买动他是决不可能的。
the author should be the last person to talk about his work.作者最不宜讨论他的作品。