限定词的搭配关系及相互位置

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:02:25 18:09:32
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网


定词是与名词密切相关的词类,包括冠词(a(n),the)、形容词性指示代词(this,that, these,those)、形容词性物主代词(my,your,our,etc.)、形容词性不定代词(both,every,much,some, etc.)、数词(one,two,etc;first,second,etc.;one-third,three-fifths,etc.)和特指形容词(next,only,etc.)。限定词用于名词的前面,限定名词所指的范围,表示该名词是特指还是泛指,是定量还是不定量。限定词的使用并非随意,受着名词种类及形式的制约,与名词有着特定的搭配关系,在多个限定词连用时相互之间还有着相对固定的位置。

一.限定词与名词的搭配关系
名词有不可数名词、单数可数名词和复数可数名词之分,对限定词有不同的要求。根据这种搭配关系可将限定词划分为以下几类:

1.只能限定单数可数名词的限定词
下列限定词只能用以限定单数可数名词:another,each,neither,either,the whole,every,a /an,one,例如:

neither road is very good.
i spent the whole morning in bed today.

2.只能限定复数可数名词的限定词
下列限定词只能用以限定复数可数名词:both,(a)few,many,several,these, those,a couple of,a number of,例如:
both her parents are doctors.
she has few friends.

3.只能限定不可数名词的限定词
下列限定词只能用以限定不可数名词:much,(a)little,a bit of,a great deal of, an amount of,例如:
i have much pleasure in declaring this new factory open.
there’s been a bit of trouble at the office.

4.既可限定不可数名词,又可限定单数可数名词和复数可数名词的限定词
下列限定词既可限定不可数名词,又可限定单数可数名词和复数可数名词:all, any,half,my(your,our,etc.),no,the rest of,the same,some,such,what,which, whose,the,etc.,例如:
he waited for half an hour.(限定单数可数名词)
he has read half the books.(限定复数可数名词)
he has eaten half the bread.(限定不可数名词)

5.既可限定不可数名词,又可限定复数可数名词的限定词
下列限定词既可限定不可数名词,又可限定复数可数名词:enough,more,most, plenty of,a quantity of,a lot of,lots of,less,例如:
have we got enough food?(限定不可数名词)
we have enough seats for everyone.(限定复数可数名词)

6.既可限定单数可数名词,又可限定复数可数名词的限定词
下列限定词既可限定单数可数名词,又可限定复数可数名词: next,last,the other,first,second,etc.,例如:
he was the last person to leave.(限定单数可数名词)
we spent the last days of our holidays at home.(限定复数可数名词)

7.既可限定不可数名词,又可限定单数可数名词的限定词
下列限定词既可限定不可数名词,又可限定单数可数名词:this,that。例如:
wait until you’ve heard this story.(限定单数可数名词)
they should have arrived by this time.(限定不可数名词)

二.限定词相互之间的位置
限定词往往是两个或两个以上连用限定一个名词。这就涉及到它们相互之间的前后顺序。实际上,限定词的位置是有规律可循的。根据其位置的前后,限定词可分为三类:
1.前位限定词(predeterm iner):all, both,half,quite;double,twice,three times, etc,;one-third,two-fifths,etc.

2.中位限定词(central determ iner):a(n),the;this,that,these,those;my,your,our, etc.;m ary’s,the old man’s,etc.;some,any,no, every,each,either,neither,enough,much; whatever,whichever,whose

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