自学考试《高级英语》复习指导（八）

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:03:16 22:55:18
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

四、英语回答有关短文内容的问题（80~100个字）

简答题解题的主要技巧与前面讲述的阅读理解技巧基本相同。
阅读时首先应做到：
1、 带着问题看文章，做到有的放矢。
2、　寻找主题句和关键词，迅速抓住主要思想。
3、　进行概括和推理，以求回答问题完整、贴切。
写出简要答案时，应做到：
1．回答要简短。不要画蛇添足，不要从原文中照搬整个句子。
2．做完后仔细检查。不要犯语法错误，拼读错误。
例如2003考题：
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the following question.

Our Greedy Colleges
1) Many of our colleges are at it again. As they have done annually for the past six years, they have begun to unveil tuition increases that far outstrip [超过] the inflation rate. Next year, tuition is expected to rise 6 percent to 8 percent – even though inflation during 1986 was about 1.8 percent. Yale’s president, Benno C. Schmidt Jr., attributes his university’s tuition hike in part to “continuing cutbacks of governmental support for student aid. ” This assertion flies in the face of the facts. Since 1982, money available through Federal student aid programs has increased every single year. Overall, Federal outlays for student aid are up 57 percent since 1980. Since 1980, inflation has been just 26 percent. That is why the former chairman of the Senate Budget Committee, Pete V. Domenici, Republican of New Mexico, recently dismissed the claim of huge cuts in student aid programs as a “myth.”

2) If anything, increases in financial aid in recent years have enabled colleges and universities blithely to raise their tuitions, confident that Federal loan subsidies would help cushion the increase. In 1978, subsidies became available to a greatly expanded number of students. In 1980, college tuitions began rising year after year at a rate that exceeded inflation. Federal student aid policies do not cause college price inflation, but there is little doubt that they help make it possible.

3) At the same time that higher education has been cutting a bigger piece of the Federal pie, it has also received huge infusions of cash from state governments, from corporations, from foundations and from loyal alumni. The total increase in higher education spending from all these non-Federal sources is staggering. Spending for higher education now consumes about 40 percent of all money spent in America for education.

4) It is by no means clear that the performance of many of our colleges and universities justifies this level of expenditure. As I said on the occasion of Harvard’s 350th anniversary, too many students fail to receive the education they deserve at our nation’s universities. The real problem is not lack of money but failure of vision.