自学考试《高级英语》复习指导（七）

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:03:16 22:55:23
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

三、英译中：考核学生对难句的理解。
　　　　
考核学生对难句的理解。
难句翻译应遵循的主要步骤如下：
1. 先判断句子结构，确定该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；
2. 如果是简单句，找出关键词：主谓宾或主系表；
3. 如果是并列句、复合句，找出各从句间的关系；
4. 分清从句层次，理清修饰成份之间的关系；
5. 区分各从句内的关键词；
6. 根据汉语习惯，写出译文；
7. 略作润色，使译文通顺；
8. 检查校对，拾遗补漏。
如遇到生词可采取下列办法来力图解决：
Guess Translation

1. 定义（ definition）
通过上下文给出的定义，考生可以将某些生词的意思猜测出来．使定义与被定义的内
容之间建立起关系的词有： put it in another way，mean，in other words，that is，or，namely
等等。
2. 重述（restatement）
所谓重述是指作者用另外的词，短语或句子将前面已述及的内容再重述一下。据重述
内容，考生可将前面内容中的生词的意思猜测出来。
3. 举例（examples）
从such as，like，for example，for instance，等词后所列举的例子以及所表示的前后同
位关系可以猜测出一些单词的词意。
4. 对比（contrast）
从表示对立或相反的信号词可以判断某些词语内容前后意思对立或相反．根据这一点，
考生可以从其中一个词猜测出另外一个词的意思。

Word-formation
1. Depression can be treated by medication and psychotherapy. Ironically, antidepressants can have drowsiness as a side effect. (Reader’s Digest Jan. 1996)
Psychotherapy(psycho therapy): 心理疗法；精神疗法. antidepressants (anti depress ant): n.[医]抗抑郁剂, 抗抑郁病药

2. More recently he introduced himself into the debate on welfare reform by insisting that unwed motherhood, not joblessness, was the key problem.
Unwed (un wed ): 没有结婚的,未婚的

Definition
1. As truck drivers have found, that can be dangerous, leading to microsleeps---brief periods, lasting one to ten seconds, when you’re snoozing even though your eyes are open. (Reader’s Digest Jan. 1996)
microsleep: 短暂的昏睡(尤指失去正常睡眠者的阵发性昏睡, 通常仅持续1至10秒钟)
2. A dune is a hill of loose sand heaped by the sand. a glacier is a field of ice formed from compacted snow.
Dune : 沙丘. glacier冰河；冰川

Synonyms
1. Our uncle was roamer, an incurable wanderer who never could stay in one place.
Roamer = wanderer : 流浪者, 漂泊者
2. Only last week the bank had discovered nearly a thousand dollars in counterfeit bills, source unknown. Their estimate was that thirty million dollars of bogus money had been produced the previous year. England and Canada were major supply sources of spurious US currency.
Counterfeit bills = bogus money = spurious US currency: 伪钞