MBA专业术语连载（十八）

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:06:26 12:17:52
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

T

Tariff 关税

A tax on goods produced abroad and sold domestically

Tax incidence 税收归宿

The study of who bears the burden of taxation

Technological knowledge 技术知识

Societys understanding of the best ways to produce goods and services

Theory of liquidity preference 流动偏好理论

Keynes theory that the interest rate adjusts to bring money supply and money demand into balance

Total cost 总成本

The amount a firm pays to buy the inputs into production

Total revenue 总收益

The amount a firm receives for the sale of its output. The amount paid by buyers and received by sellers of a good, computed as the price of the good times the quantity sold

Trade balance 贸易余额

The value of a nations exports minus the value of its imports, also called net exports

Trade deficit 贸易赤字

An excess of imports over exports

Trade policy 贸易政策

A government policy that directly influences the quantity of goods and services that a country imports or exports

Trade surplus 贸易盈余

An excess of exports over imports

Tragedy of the Commons 公用地悲剧

A parable that illustrates why common resources get used more than is desirable from the standpoint of society as a whole

Transaction costs 交易成本

The costs that parties incur in the process of agreeing and following through on a bargain

tacit collusion 暗中勾结

collusive behavior among the firms of an oligpoly based on an implicit understanding that it is in each firms best interest not to compete too vigourously. they tacitly understand that it is undesirable to undercut each others prices, but there is no open discussion about price fixing

takeover 收购

when one management team (one firm) takes over the control of another

target savings motive 目标储蓄动机

people save for a particular target, for example to make a down payment on a house or to pay college tuition

tax expenditures 税收支出

the revenue lost from a tax subsidy

tax-favored assets

the return on these assets receives favorable tax treatment, such as tax-exempt municipal bonds

tax subsidies 税收补贴

subsidies provided through the tax system to particular industries or to particular expenditures, in the form of favorable tax treatment

technological risks 技术风险

risks facing a firm associated with technology, such as whether a new technology will work or be reliable

theorem 定理

a logical proposition that follows from basic definitions and assumptions

theory 理论

a set of assumptions and the conclusions derived from those assumptions put forward as an explanation for some phenomena

thin markets 薄弱市场

markets with relatively few buyers and sellers

tie-ins 搭售

a restrictive practice in which a customer who buys one product must buy another

time constraints 时间约束

the limitations on consumption of different goods imposed by the fact that households have only a limited amount of time to spend (twenty-four hours a day). The time constraint defines the opportunity set of individuals if the only constraint that they face is time

time value of money 货币的时间价值

the fact that a dollar today is worth more than a dollar in the future is called the time value of money

total factor productivity analysis 总生产要素分析

the analysis of the relationship between output and the aggregate of all inputs. total factor productivity growth is calculated as the difference between the rate of growth of output and the weighted average rate of growth of inputs, where the weight associated with each input is its share in GDP

trade creation 贸易创造

new trade that is generated as a result of lowered tariff barriers

trade diversion 贸易多样化

trade that is diverted away from outside countries as a result of lowering tariffs between the members of a trading bloc