精彩语法复习讲义(17)

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:09:11 12:41:07
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

三、状语从句

1、概述
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。

2、状语从句分类及常用连词：
类 别　　　　　连　 词
时间状语从句　when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc.
地点状语从句　where, wherever
原因状语从句　because, since, as, for, now that, etc.
目的状语从句　in order that, so that, that, etc.
结果状语从句　so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc.
条件状语从句　if, unless, as (so) long as, etc.
让步状语从句　though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc.
比较状语从句　as…as, so…as, than, etc.
方式状语从句　as, as if, as though, etc.

3、状语从句的句法功能及考点

1）时间状语从句
常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when
I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
直到我长大成人后才认识到我母亲是多么的与众不同。
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
当约翰在看电视的时候，他妻子在煮饭。
The children ran away from the orchard (果园) the moment they saw the guard.
孩子一看到守卫立刻从果园里跑了。
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
他们刚一到家就下起雨来了。
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
每次我听从他的建议就会惹麻烦。

2）地点状语从句
常用引导词：where
特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
一般说来，工厂多的地方空气污染就严重。
Wherever you go, you should work hard. 无论你到哪去，都应该好好工作。

3）原因状语从句
常用引导词：because, since, as, since
特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, inasmuch as, insomuch as
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
我朋友不喜欢我的原因是我长相英俊，事业有成。
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
既然大家都到齐了，咱们就开会吧。
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
高额的个人所得税有害之处就在于它打击了人们多挣钱的努力。
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.
考虑到他还不到12岁，180公分的个子算是惊人。

4）目的状语从句
常用引导词：so that, in order that
特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
老板让秘书抓紧写出信件这样他好签字。