英语四级阅读真题练习(第十期)

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:12:01 14:30:46
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

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Passage Two
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:
　　While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states — at least in getting people off welfare. It’s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.
　　In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens Country have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past tow years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent — twice the national average.
　　For advocates（代言人）for the poor, that’s an indication much more needs to be done.
　　“More people are getting jobs, but it’s not making their lives any better,” says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.
　　A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.
　　But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.
　　“Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin（毒素）that was poisoning the family,” says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform in changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It’s beginning to rebuild the work ethic（道德观）, which is much more important.”
　　Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,” then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.

56. From the passage, it can be seen that the author _______.
　　A) believes the reform has reduced the government’s burden
　　B) insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor
　　C) is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform
　　D) considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful
57. Why aren’t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?
　　A) Because many families are divorced.
　　B) Because government aid is now rare.
　　C) Because their wages are low.
　　D) Because the cost of living is rising.
58. What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _______.
　　A) greater efforts should be made to improve people’s living standards
　　B) 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years
　　C) 50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare
　　D) the living standards of most people are going down
59. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _______.
　　A) saving welfare funds
　　B) rebuilding the work ethic
　　C) providing more jobs
　　D) cutting government expenses
60. According to the passage before the welfare reform was carried out, _______.
　　A) the poverty rate was lover
　　B) average living standards were higher
　　C) the average worker was paid higher wages
　　D) the poor used to rely on government aid



答案

翻译：还是在早期阶段，福利改革在许多州都被判定为很大的成功，至少在使人民脱离福利方面是这样的。
　　本文是一篇议论文，文章不难，相信很多同学都做过了。文章有8段之多，一定要注意在原文中定位。

56.主题题。第一个题目就是主题题，一般就对应文章的第一段。看第一段就知道本文的主题是福利改革，而且说福利改革很成功。A减轻政府负担，文章没有提及；B认为福利对穷人没什么好处，恰恰是说反了；C对福利改革成功过分热心，这样的话说出来太伤感情了。一般议论文作者都是很客观的，这个选项的形容词有问题。D认为福利改革基本成功。正确答案是D。

57.为什么人们有了工作还不能享受好的生活？这个题目有点难度。看题目可以定位在第4段，但是答案在第2段的but后面。其实还有一种常用的定位的方法：如果知道第1题在第1段，第3题在第3段，那么第2题就应该在第2段，这是依循顺序原则。But后面说：70%脱离福利名单的人找到工作但是工资不到6块钱。A因为很多家庭离婚了，这个选项有点离谱，文章没有提及；B政府救助少了，相信肯定有人会跌进这个坑里。政府救助少了是因为很多人找到工作了，找到工作还活的不爽，那是你命苦不能怪政府；D因为生活成本升高了，文章也没有提及；C因为工资低，就是对but后面内容的同义转述。正确答案是C。

58.例证题。worth nothing from 不知道是什么意思，但是既然问到一个例子，那问题只可能是这个例子证明了什么或者说明了什么。例证题有两种模式①先总结后例证，答案往前面找；②先例子后总结，答案往后面找。例子前面是57题答案，总结就应该在后面了。第3段说：indication（表明）有更多事要做。A就是同义转述；B这个坑肯定阴到了很多同学，过去两年找到工作的70%是脱离福利的人中的70%，而不是减去30%的穷人。被阴的原因是混淆了70%的内容；C和B一样是混淆了50%的内容；D生活标准在下降，拿福利的人少了，有工作的人多了，生活水平怎么会下降呢？所以正确答案是A。

59.细节题，福利改革的目标在于什么？A节约福利基金，用常识判断就知道不对。一般根据常识判断不对的就一定不对，根据常识判断对的也不一定对；B重建道德观，和第7段最后一句对应，注意这里有比较现象，读文章的时候就要注意把比较和转折都划出来；C和D都不对。所以正确答案是B。

60.福利改革前是怎么样的，要比较改革前后的情况。优先考虑最后一段。A改革前贫困率低一些，那改革还白成功了？判断A错误；B改革前生活水平高一些，文章没有提到，而且根据常识这也说反了；C个人平均工资高一些，文章提平均收入是households家庭平均收入；D rely on：依靠，和最后一段dependency的关键词替换。所以正确答案是D。