公共英语等级考试四级(PETS4)课程辅导(10)讲

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2008:04:19 12:51:51
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

　　UNIT 3 GREAT MEN

　　主要内容：

　　本课的内容是以“伟人”这一主题展开的，主要介绍了孔子，查尔斯王子以及海明威等知名人物。学完本课后，应对这几位名人的事迹有进一步的了解，并能模仿本课的文章进行人物介绍的写作，就某一领域的杰出人物与外国人交流观点，用英语熟练的与外国人谈论各自的职业和好恶等。

　　文章主要介绍了英国皇室王位继承人查尔斯王子。查尔斯王子过去由于频繁地在公共场合露面，给自己惹了不少麻烦，但后来查尔斯逐渐开始保持低调，这使他在平民中的形象有所回升，由一个遥不可及笨拙的未来君主变成一个人民的王子。

　　Dialogue

　　Confucius孔子 given name 名字
　　Confucianism 儒教 (benevolence仁, rite礼)
　　Kernel核心 Book of Spring and Autumn <<春秋>>
　　Saying 谚语 Book of odes <<诗>>
　　philosophy 哲学 Book of Rites <<礼>>
　　psychology 心理学 Book of Change <<易>>
　　Bibliography 著名书目 pen name笔名
　　(另Book of History <<书>> Book of Music<<乐>>)

　　*If I were you, I would be proud of him, too。如果我是你，我也会为他自豪的。
　　Were是虚拟语气，我们通常用一般过去时态表示和现在的事实相反的一种假设。(但是BE动词的过去时在这种虚拟中总是用WERE。)
　　E.g. If I had the amount of money, I would take a tour around the world.
　　If I were the king, I would save all the people out of hunger.
　　I wish I were a bird.
　　If only I were together with my friends now, but I am too busy to take part in the party.

　　虚拟语气

　　虚拟语气用来表示不可能发生或者可能性不大的事情，有时用来表示一种理想或者愿望。

　　1.由wish 引导的表示愿望的虚拟语气，具体用法如下：

　　(1)wish 表示对现在的愿望时，他所引导的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式：(be动词用were) 如：
　　E.g. I wish I finished my homework already. 我希望我已经完成功课了。
　　I wish I were the president of the united states.

　　(2)wish 表示将来的愿望时，他所引导的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would，could，might， 动词原形。如：
　　E.g. I wish I could be a bird.

　　(3)wish 用于表示对过去已经发生事实的一种已不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句的谓语动词形式为：had 动词过去分词 或 could/would have 动词过去分词。如：
　　E.g. I wish I had passed the examination.
　　I wish I have done it.

　　2.had hoped 后的宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：would 动词原形，表示过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事情。如：

　　E.g. I had hoped he would forgive me.
　　I had hoped we could overcome that difficulty in the end.

　　3.would (had)rather，would as soon，would sooner 和would prefer所引导的从句中要用过去式，表示现在或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表达希望或婉转的责备。

　　E.g. would prefer she didn’t spend too much money on her holiday.
　　I would rather you come to my apartment at once.

　　4.在表示绝对不可能的情况时，通常会遇到这样一个句型：If I were you…

　　E.g. If I were you, I will choose to be a teacher in the future.

　　5.It’s high time that… 是该到的时候了。该句型中的从句要使用虚拟语气，也就是动词要用过去式。

　　E.g. Its getting dark. It’s high time we left.
　　You have classes early tomorrow morning. So it is time that you went to bed.

　　passage The Man Who Will Be King

　　1. heir n.继承人
　　E.g. He is the heir to the throne.
　　He is the heir to a large property.

　　2. popularity n. 流行，受欢迎
　　E.g. Now the new fashion style has gained much popularity.
　　Qiong Yao’s romantic novels once enjoyed great popularity among the youth.

　　3.controversial adj.有争议的
　　E.g. This is a controversial issue.
　　princess Diana’s death once was a controversial issue in the world.

　　4. icon n. 偶像
　　E.g. The little boy takes Michael Jordan as his icon.
　　premiere Zhou remains an icon among Chinese.

　　5. gossip n. 谣言
　　E.g. She is a woman who likes to spread gossip.
　　She was deeply hurt by the gossip.
　　When the epidemics first broke out, there were a lot of gossips about it because of ignorance.

　　6. abdicate v. 退位
　　E.g. He became the heir to the throne after his father abdicated.

　　7. protocol n. 外交礼仪

　　8. feedback n. 反馈，反应
　　E.g. They sent out questionnaires on the street to see the feedback of customers about their new product.
　　The teacher is waiting for the feedback from his students.`

　　9. monarchy n. 君主政体 monarch 君主

　　10.informal adj. 非正式的 (formal 正式的)
　　E.g. this is an informal meet.
　　This is a formal dinner.

　　11.curtsey v.屈膝行礼
　　E.g. people usually curtseyed to the Queen in the past.

　　12.be determined to 决定，一定
　　E.g. He is determined to pass the exam despite of any difficulty.
　　He is determined to go abroad for further study.

　　13.in the air 在传播. 不定的，未定的
　　E.g. My plans are still quite in the air.我的计划还尚未定案。
　　There are rumors in the air that he was once a thief.

　　14.bring about 带来，导致
　　E.g. The big noise has brought about many complains.
　　The war in the area brought about a lot of post-war problems.
　　Science has brought about many changes in our lives.

　　15.come to 渐渐地.谈到，
　　E.g. I come to love classical music by day.
　　He came to realize the importance of friendship after so many incidents.
　　When it comes to the profit, they show enough confidence.

　　16.be keen to do / be keen on doing 急切，热衷于
　　E.g. He is keen on making new friends.
　　Mr. Bright is keen to buy a new car.

　　17.major in 主修，专业是 (specialize in)
　　E.g. My sister now majors in computer science.
　　His friend majors in oriental History.

　　18.confine v. 限制，局限，禁闭
　　E.g. please confine yourself to the subject under discussion.
　　He is confined to the wheelchair after the car accident.

　　19.get oneself into hot water 使陷入困境
　　E.g. Because of his own gossip, he got himself into hot water.
　　Without the help from his parents, it was hard for him to get out of hot water.