1. consumption n. 消费, 消费量, 肺病 [例] The petrol consumption of the big car as very high. 这辆大的小汽车耗油量很大。 [反义] production n. 生产, 产品, 作品, (研究)成果 [派生] consume vt. 消耗, 消费, 消灭, 大吃大喝, 吸引vi. 消灭, 毁灭 2. surplus n. 剩余, 过剩, [会计]盈余 adj. 过剩的, 剩余的 vt. 转让, 卖掉 [例] Brazil has a big surplus of coffee. 巴西有很多剩余的咖啡。 [同义] additional ,excess, extra, leftover, spare, superfluous , supplementary [反义] deficit n. 赤字, 不足额 [固定搭配] operation surplus 营业盈余； overall surplus 总顺差； 3. commodity n. 日用品 [例] Air conditioners are one of the many commodities that Japan sells abroad.空调是日本许多出口商品中的一种。 [同义] article , product , ware 4. implement n.工具, 器具 vt. 贯彻, 实现 v. 执行 [例] The committee’s decisions will be implemented immediately.委员会的决定将立即执行。百考试题 [同义] apparatus, appliance ,bring about, carry out ,complete, contraption [派生] implementation n. 执行 implementary adj. 实施的, 执行的 5. fertilizer n. 肥料(尤指化学肥料), [动]受精媒介物 [例] He was not only a distinguished writer but a fertilizer of other talents. 他不仅是个杰出的作家, 而且还有使人获益的其它才干。 [派生] fertilize vt. 施肥, 使丰饶, 使受精, 使肥沃, 使多产 6. irrigation n. 灌溉, 冲洗 [例] bring the farmland under irrigation 使农田水利化 [派生] irrigate vt. 灌溉, 修水利, 冲洗伤口, 使潮湿 vi. 进行灌溉 7. sufficient adj. 充分的, 足够的 [例] Sufficient data have been collected for the building project.为这项建筑工程已经收集了充分的资料。 [同义] adequate, ample ,enough , plenty, satisfactory [反义] insufficient adj. 不足的, 不够的 n.不足 [派生] sufficiency n. 充足, 自满, 足量 8. fund n. 资金, 基金 v. 支助, 投资 [例] public welfare fund 公益金 [同义] assets, stock , supply [固定搭配] in funds 手头有钱. 有资本；no funds 存款不足(银行退回空头支票时用语)； out of funds 缺钱；slush fund 职工文娱活动的资金； 9. loan n.（借出的）贷款, 借出 v. 借, 借给 [例] The bank loaned me some money. 银行借给了我一些钱。 [同义] advance ,give, lend [反义] borrow v. 借, 借入, 借用 [派生] loanable adj. 可借出的